I too think you mean ellipse not eclipse.
ELLIPSES
All planets have elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse. As Kepler's 3 Laws of Planetary Motion described 400 years ago. Moons do too (around the planet which they orbit). Comets, however, follow parabolic orbits.
PARABOLAS
Pascal considered the parabola as a projection of a circle and Galileo showed that projectiles follow parabolic paths. e.g. bullets and cannonballs.
Newton considered the properties of a parabola which bring parallel rays of light to a focus. Used not just in torches but in mirrors
A parabolic reflector, known as a parabolic dish or a parabolic mirror, is a reflective device, commonly formed in the shape of a paraboloid of revolution. Parabolic reflectors can either collect or distribute energy such as light, sound, or radio waves.
When the angle of incidence to the inner surface of the collector equals the angle of reflection, then any incoming ray that is parallel to the axis of the dish will be reflected to a central point, or "focus".
Because many types of energy can be reflected in this way, parabolic reflectors can be used to collect and concentrate energy entering the reflector at a particular angle.
Similarly, energy radiating from the "focus" to the dish can be transmitted outward in a beam that is parallel to the axis of the dish.
John Hadley introduced parabolic mirrors into practical astronomy in 1721 when he used one to build a reflecting telescope with very little spherical aberration.
Before that, telescopes used spherical mirrors. Lighthouses also commonly used parabolic mirrors to collimate a point of light from a lantern into a beam, before being replaced by more efficient fresnel lenses in the 19th century.
The most common modern applications of the parabolic reflector are in satellite dishes, telescopes (including radio telescopes), parabolic microphones, and many lighting devices such as spotlights, car headlights, PAR Cans and LED housings.
The Olympic Flame is lit using a parabolic reflector concentrating sunlight.
HYPERBOLAS
We seldom see a hyperbola in daily life, and it seldom appears in decoration or design. In spite of this, it has interesting properties and important applications.
Newtonian mechanics tells us that any of the conic sections can be an orbit, and we have investigated the cases of planets (ellipses) and comets (parabolas).
The hyperbolic orbit is the path of a particle under an inverse-square force that approaches the center of attraction or repulsion at a finite speed along an asymptote, is deflected, and recedes in the same way along the other asymptote. The effect is to change the direction of motion of the particle, without changing its speed.
There are no examples of celestial bodies with hyperbolic orbits about the sun. They are not impossible, merely very unlikely, and probably have occurred from time to time.
Hyperbolic orbits could be created within the solar system, by certain types of gravitational encounters, or by rockets, but escaping from the Sun is rather difficult.
Alpha particles are the nuclei of helium atoms, with mass 4 and a positive charge of 2e. They are emitted from certain heavy nuclei, such as Polonium. They knock electrons out of any atoms near their paths
Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937) and his students noted in 1911 that alpha particles passing through very thin gold foils were occasionally scattered through large angles. This is an extraordinary effect, like firing a rifle through a wheat field and having the bullet come back at you.
Electrons were known to be light, and could not produce large deflections, just slight wiggles in the paths. To cause large deflections, the positive charge and the mass must be concentrated in very small volumes. Rutherford showed that although atoms have a radius of the order of 10^-8 cm, the mass and positive charge are concentrated within a radius of about 10^-13 cm.
The trajectory of the alpha particle was a hyperbola. This is how Rutherford determined an upper limit on the size of the nucleus, from the maximum observed deflection of the alpha particles.
Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus led soon after to Bohr's atom, and from there to quantum mechanics, revealing our modern view of matter. Rutherford received a peerage and a Nobel Prize, which were richly deserved.
Discoveries in mathematics and physics may lead to understanding; discoveries in most other sciences lead only to knowledge. In this case, nuclear fusion and fission.
Hyperbolas and the Dew Bow
Dew occurs when the surface has cooled by radiation below the temperature of the air, and below the dew point at which the air is saturated by water.
Dewbows are similar to rainbows. The rainbow is familiar and is often seen, especially on summer afternoons, but the dewbow is less often noticed.
It appears when looking westward over a lawn on a misty morning. The dewdrops give a brilliant reflection seen between the antisolar point and your station, stretching right and left in a curve along the ground. It is the section of the rainbow cone by the earth, and is, therefore, a hyperbola.
2007-06-07 08:10:37
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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Astronomy, Aerodynamics and Aeronautics. The projection of objects follow these tracks, especially planetary motion around the sun. Including comets, asteroids, etc.
2016-04-01 08:14:34
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answer #4
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answered by Anonymous
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