in chemistry -explanation of the liquid drop model,thomsons atomic model and the goldfoil experiment?

Answer 1

Thomson's model is called the "plum pudding" model. It has the electrons and protons all mixed up and evenly spaced in the atom. He did not know at the time that the electrons were orbiting around a nucleus.

Millikan's oil drop experiment showed the charge and mass of one electron. He used the ratio determined by Thomson and was able to measure the charge of one electron, then calculated the mass from Thomson's equation.

Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that most of the mass of an atom was in a small, densely-packed nucleus in the center of the atom. The electrons orbit around this nucleus, but they orbit at a great distance.

Answer 2

Thomson's model is a model of an atom where he put the electrons and protons in the same entity. He believed that the electrons weren't orbiting the nucleus.

Millikan's oil drop experiment is where he took two charged plates, one positive and one negative. Then he took a charged oil drop and adjusted the two plates charges until the oil drops were suspended between the took plates. Then with some complex math and adjustment for the mass of the oil drops he determined the charge of an electron to be -1.6 x 10^-19 Coulombs.

Rutherford's gold foil experiment was when he took a thin piece of gold foil and surround it with paper that detects when things hit it. He then took alpha particles (helium atoms) and shot them at the gold foil. He then observed the paper and noticed that some were deflected at large angles while some went through. He determined that because some were deflected an atom has a small dense center that is positively charged and that an atom is mostly empty space.