Why hot dogs being grilled tend to pop split along their length, and not around their circular cross-section?

Question

As usually, I would prefer to see a formula.

Answer 1

For piping, circumferential wall tension is pr, while longitudinal wall tension is (1/2)pr, so tears are much more likely to run lengthwise. This happens with water pipes too. p is internal pressure and r is radius of the hot dog or pipe.

The longitudinal tension is just Ap/C, where A is the area of the cross section, while C is the circumference, which gets you (1/2)pr. The circumferential wall tension is more easily worked out through work energy, where the pipe's radius expands by ∆r, so that we divide p∆V/∆C to get pr.

Answer 2

I'm thinking it's because the lengthwise rip accomodates radial expansion. The cross-wise rip allows expansion along the length. You get more volume growth by increasing the radius by a little length dl than you do by increasing the length, so there's more shear stress on the skin and that's the way it splits.

Edit--and yeah, when you look at an uncooked hotdog, the ends are kind of wrinkly and bunched to start with so there's room lengthwise for it to expand.

Answer 3

Cheap hotdogs are packed in a tube which is formed from a sheet of material sealed where the two edges meet. The seam is weaker than the rest of the material.

Sausages are usually packed into the intestine of a hog, which has a different way of splitting.

Answer 4

When hotdogs cook, the filling swells both in girth and in length. However, there is room to expand lengthways since the casing isn't really closed at the ends. Crossways there is no room to expand (the casing is not really very elastic, and it tends to shrink as it dries out from the heat), so it yields in that direction. You aren't going to get any equations here.

Answer 5

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Answer 6

as they are softerb along the length