will you define these for me there for my world history final review?

Question

Pax Romana-

Mayor of the palace

vassal

atlantic slave trade

middle passage

martin luther

columbian exchange


new france

Answer 1

This took me all of 5 minutes but it won’t do you much good if someone asks you questions about them. That’s what doing your own research does, it helps you actually know the subject.

Pax Romana

Pax Romana (27 BCE-180 CE), Latin for "the Roman peace" (sometimes Pax Augusta), was the long period of relative peace experienced by the Roman Empire. The term stems from the fact that Roman rule and its legal system pacified regions, sometimes forcefully, which had suffered from the quarrels between rival leaders. It was Augustus Caesar who led Rome into the Pax Romana.

Mayor of the Palace

Mayor of the Palace was an early medieval title and office, also known by the Latin name, maior domus, used most notably in the Frankish kingdoms in the 7th and 8th centuries. It could be compared with a count palatine.
During the 7th century, the office of Mayor of the Palace developed into the true power behind the throne in Austrasia, the northeastern portion of the Kingdom of the Franks under the Merovingian dynasty. The majordomo had the real decision power, while their kings had only a ceremonial function.
The office became hereditary in the family of the Pippinids. After Austrasia and Neustria were reunited in one kingdom, Pippin III — Majordomo since 747 — took the crown of the Merovingians in 751 to establish the line of Carolingian kings. His son Charlemagne assumed even greater power when he was crowned emperor in 800, thus becoming one of the most prominent figures in European history.

Vassal

A freeman who had acknowledged the lordship of a superior by giving homage and swearing fealty, normally in return for a fief. Obligations existed on both sides. The lord's default, especially in giving protection, rendered the relationship void, as did the disobedient vassal's withholding of military assistance and general support.

Atlantic slave trade

The Atlantic slave trade, started by the Portuguese,, but soon dominated by the English, was the sale and exploitation of African slaves by Europeans that occurred in and around the Atlantic ocean from the 15th century to the 19th century. Most slaves were transported from West Africa and Central Africa, to the New World. While Europeans obtained most slaves through coastal trade with African trading states some were captured through raids and kidnapping. Some contemporary historians estimate that 12 million Africans arrived in the new world, making it one of the largest forced migrations in human history. However some estimate that the number is as high as 25 to 40 million. . The slave-trade is sometimes called the Maafa by African and African-American scholars, meaning holocaust or great disaster in Kiswahili. The slaves were one element of a three-part economic cycle—the Triangular Trade and its Middle Passage—which ultimately involved four continents, four centuries and millions of people.

Middle Passage

''This is about the slave trade route. For the novel, see Middle Passage (novel). For the album, see The Middle Passage.
The Middle Passage was a portion of the Atlantic slave trade route, which involved the forced transportation of African people from Africa to enslavement in North America, South America and the Caribbean. It was called the Middle Passage because the slave trade was a form of triangular trade; ships left Europe for African markets, sailed to Africa where the goods were sold or traded for prisoners and kidnap victims on the African coast, then sailed to the Americas and Caribbean (West Indies) where the Africans were sold or traded for goods for European markets, and then returned to Europe. The slave trade involved Peruvian and Mexican mines, Brazilian coffee plantations, South Carolinian fields, and Caribbean sugar, coffee, and cotton plantations. The European powers, including Spain, Portugal, France, England, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Brandenburg, as well as Canada, all played a role. The Germans were also involved by supplying slave voyages with financial aid; and Asian textiles were used as trading goods in Africa.

Martin Luther

There are multiple people named Martin Luther but one is, (November 10, 1483 – February 181546) was a German monk, priest, professor, theologian, and church reformer. His teachings inspired the Reformation and deeply influenced the doctrines and culture of the Lutheran and Protestant traditions, as well as the course of Western civilization.
Luther's life and work are closely connected to the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era in the West. His translation of the Bible furthered the development of a standard version of the German language and added several principles to the art of translation. His translation significantly influenced the English King James Bible. Due to the recently developed printing press, his writings were widely read, influencing many subsequent Reformers and thinkers, giving rise to diversifying Protestant traditions in Europe and elsewhere. Luther's hymns, including his best-known "A Mighty Fortress is Our God", inspired the development of congregational singing within Christianity. His marriage on June 13, 1525, to Katharina von Bora reintroduced the practice of clerical marriage within many Christian traditions. Today, nearly seventy million Christians belong to Lutheran churches worldwide, with some four hundred million Protestant Christians tracing their history back to Luther's reforming work.
Luther is also known for his writings about the Jews, the nature and consequences of which are the subject of much debate among scholars, many of whom have characterized them as anti-Semitic or anti-Judaic. His statements that Jews' homes should be destroyed, their synagogues and schools burned, money confiscated, and rights and liberties curtailed were revived and given widespread publicity by the Nazis in Germany in 1933–45. As a result of this, coupled with his revolutionary theological views, his legacy remains controversial.

Columbian Exchange

The Columbian Exchange (also sometimes known as The Grand Exchange) has been one of the most significant events in the history of world ecology, agriculture, and culture. The term is used to describe the enormous widespread exchange of plants, animals, foods, human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres that occurred after 1492. Many new and different goods were exchanged between the two hemispheres of the Earth the new and the old world, and it began a new revolution in the Americas and in Europe. In 1492, Christopher Columbus' first voyage launched an era of large-scale contact between the Old and the New World that resulted in this ecological revolution: hence the name "Columbian" Exchange.
The Columbian Exchange greatly affected almost every society on earth, bringing destructive diseases that depopulated many cultures, and also circulating a wide variety of new crops and livestock that, in the long term, increased rather than diminished the world human population. Maize and potatoes became very important crops in Eurasia by the 1700s. Peanuts and manioc flourished in tropical southeast Asian and west African soils that otherwise would not produce large yields or support large populations.

Answer 2

Why don't you look it up on the internet, saves your five points that you just lost.
Pax Romana: The Roman Peace.
mayor of the palace. THe person who was in charge of the palace.vassal:a slaves
Atlantic slave trade:the trade of slaves from africa to the US
Middle passage: the leg of the Atlantic Slave trade
Martin Luther: THere are 2 but I htink youre talking about Martin Luther king Jr. He brought well the happiness of blacks
Columbian Exchange: The Columbian Exchange (also sometimes known as The Grand Exchange) has been one of the most significant events in the history of world ecology, agriculture, and culture. The term is used to describe the enormous widespread exchange of plants, animals, foods, human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres that occurred after 1492. Many new and different goods were exchanged between the two hemispheres of the Earth, and it began a new revolution in the Americas and in Europe. In 1492, Christopher Columbus' first voyage launched an era of large-scale contact between the Old and the New World that resulted in this ecological revolution: hence the name "Columbian" Exchange.
New France:New France (French: la Nouvelle-France) was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River, by Jacques Cartier in 1534, to the cession of New France to the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1763. At its peak in 1712 (before the Treaty of Utrecht), the territory of New France extended from Newfoundland to Lake Superior and from the Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico. The territory was then divided in five colonies, each with its own administration: Canada, Acadia, Hudson Bay, Newfoundland and Louisiana.

Answer 3

These are very simple terms/names, etc. For example "Mayor of the Palace" = Major Domo.
Why don't you get out your textbook, go to the back and find the definitions. This way you'll be more apt to remember them.

Answer 4

I only know the answer to number 3. Which is the weather. He invaded during the winter which the winter cold stop his army in their tracks and cause them to turn back.