compare growth requirements of microorganisms?

Question

Compare growth requirements of fungi, viruses, bacteria, protozoans and multicellular parasites?

Answer 1

Growth Requirements for Microorganisms :
To support microorganism growth in the laboratory, it is necessary to establish conditions that will permit
organism reproduction. All microorganisms require the following to remain viable and grow on culture
media:

Complex Nutrients
Microorganisms utilize nitrogen and carbon through the addition of peptones, beef extract, and yeast extract
to culture media. Specific nutritional requirements for different microorganisms vary greatly, but every microorganism
requires sources of carbon, nitrogen, inorganic phosphate, sulfur, trace metals, water, and vitamins.
All of these requirements also comprise a satisfactory microbiological culture medium. Buffering agents,
indicators of pH change, selective agents, and agar are also added.
Proper pH:
A large number of culture media are prepared with a final neutral pH of 7.2 ± 2. The microorganisms that
prefer a neutral pH are referred to as neutrophiles, or neutral-loving microorganisms. The bulk of human
pathogens are within this group. Acidophiles, or acid-loving microorganisms, prefer a pH of 0.0 – 5.4. Yeast
and molds are acidophiles. Alkalinophiles, alkali-loving microorganisms, are viable in a pH of 7.0 – 11.5.
Vibrio cholerae is an alkalinophile.
Appropriate Temperature:
Mesophilic bacteria and fungi have optimal growth at temperatures of 25 - 40°C. The vast majority of human
pathogens are mesophilic, because they prefer body temperature. Thermophilic microorganisms (heat-loving)
grow at temperatures greater than 45°C. Bacillus stearothermophilus is an example of a thermophilic
microorganism, and can be found in hot spring beds. Psychrophilic microorganisms grow at temperatures
below 20°C. Listeria spp. are psychrophilic microorganisms, and can be isolated from ice cream and other
dairy products.
Gases:
Obligate aerobes require the presence of oxygen to grow. Anaerobes grow only in the absence of oxygen.
Microaerophiles prefer partial anaerobic conditions, and facultative anaerobes are capable of growing in the
presence or absence of oxygen. Many microorganisms require an environment of 5 - 10% CO2.
Moisture:
Proper moisture conditions are important for proper microorganism growth. Water must be able to flow freely
in and out of cells for transfer of nutrients and waste products. Evaporation during incubation or storage
results in loss of water and microorganism reduction.

Answer 2

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RE:
compare growth requirements of microorganisms?
Compare growth requirements of fungi, viruses, bacteria, protozoans and multicellular parasites?

Answer 3

Fungi overlap to a large extent with multicellular parasites. They survive on a host generally a plant.

Viruses, bacteria and protozoans are more modest.

Answer 4

they must be in an environment conducive to life.