The unit of genetic organization in all living organisms in the chromosome.?

Question

Describe the stricture and function of the parts of a eukaryotic chromosome.
Describe the adaptive (evolutionary) significance of organizing genes into a chromosome.
How does the function and structure of the chromosome differ in prokaryotes?

Answer 1

Have a look at the wiki page. It has a picture and a good dissertation on all of your questions there.

Be aware of the centromere, chromatid, long and short arms

Genes organized in a chromosome makes for a more efficient replication and particularly meiosis.

Prokaryotic DNA is not arranged in this manner. It is usually loose in the cytoplasm as a ring structure.