Is it possible to simulate Earth's gravity within a structure built on Mars?

Question

If so, how? I can understand being able to artificially create Earth-like atmospheric conditions including pressure, oxygen content, temperature, etc. However, what about gravity, the lack of which causes a loss of bone density in astronauts? Would exercise alone prevent the bone density loss?

Answer 1

Mars has 1/3 the gravity of Earth. It is believed, but not really known for sure, that 1/3 gravity is enough to prevent the bone loss and other problems that astronauts in 0 gravity experience. So it is way too early to talk about making artificial gravity on Mars. We need to send some people there first to see if the natural Martian gravity is enough.

Answer 2

At the present the answer would be no. The problem is that although we understand the effect gravity has, we still lack the physics that can describe what actually makes gravity work. Think of it like this problem, the ancients knew how the sun rose and set each day (they could see it rise and set, and they thought the sun was smaller then the earth and the it went around the earth), though they didn't know why it rose and set (now we know that the sun is much much larger then the earth and the earth spins making the sun rise and set).

So in short we know how gravity works, we don't know why gravity works.