I'm new to basketball. Can you explain the fouls for me?

Question

Can you explain personal foul, technical foul, and any other fouls there are? What exactly are they, and which fouls contribute to free shots, and how many free shots?

Answer 1

Fouls

The referee signals that a foul has been committed.An attempt to unfairly disadvantage an opponent through personal contact is illegal and is called a foul. These are most commonly committed by defensive players; however, they can be committed by offensive players as well. Players who are fouled either receive the ball to pass inbounds again, or receive one or more free throws if they are fouled in the act of shooting, depending on whether the shot was successful. One point is awarded for making a free throw, which is attempted from a line 15 feet (4.5 m) from the basket.

The referee may use discretion in calling fouls (for example, by considering whether an unfair advantage was gained), sometimes making fouls controversial calls. The calling of fouls can vary between games, leagues and even between referees.

A player or coach who shows poor sportsmanship, for instance, by arguing with a referee or by fighting with another player, can be charged with a technical foul. The penalty involves free throws and varies between leagues. Repeated incidents can result in disqualification. Blatant fouls with excessive contact or that are not an attempt to play the ball are called unsportsmanlike fouls (or flagrant fouls in the NBA) and incur a harsher penalty; in some rare cases a disqualifying foul will require the player to leave the playing area.

If a team surpasses a preset limit of team fouls in a given period (quarter or half) – four for NBA and international games – the opposing team is awarded one or two free throws on all subsequent fouls for that period, the number depending on the league. In the US college game if a team surpasses 7 fouls in the half the opposing team is awarded a one-and-one free throw(make the first you have a chance at a second). If a team surpasses 10 fouls in the half the opposing team is awarded two free throws on all subsequent fouls for the half. A player who commits five fouls, including technical fouls, in one game (six in some professional leagues, including the NBA) is not allowed to participate for the rest of the game, and is described as having "fouled out".

After a team has committed a specified number of fouls, it is said to be "in the penalty". On scoreboards, this is usually signified with an indicator light reading "Bonus" or "Penalty" with an illuminated directional arrow indicating that team is to receive free throws when fouled by the opposing team. (Some scoreboards also indicate the number of fouls committed.)

The number of free throws awarded increases with the number of fouls committed. Initially, one shot is awarded, but after a certain number of additional fouls are committed the opposing team may receive (a) one shot with a chance for a second shot if the first shot is made, called shooting "one-and-one", or (b) two shots. If a team misses the first shot (or "front end") of a one-and-one situation, the opposing team may reclaim possession of the ball and continue play. If a team misses the first shot of a two-shot situation, the opposing team must wait for the completion of the second shot before attempting to reclaim possession of the ball and continuing play.

If a player is fouled while attempting a shot and the shot is unsuccessful, the player is awarded a number of free throws equal to the value of the attempted shot. A player fouled while attempting a regular two-point shot, then, receives two shots. A player fouled while attempting a three-point shot, on the other hand, receives three shots.

If a player is fouled while attempting a shot and the shot is successful, typically the player will be awarded one additional free throw for one point. In combination with a regular shot, this is called a "three-point play" because of the basket made at the time of the foul (2 points) and the additional free throw (1 point). Four-point plays, while rare, can also occur.

Answer 2

ok, if u move ur pivot foot, thats a travel, if u make contact with someonewhile they are shoting, that is a persinal foul to u, and a shoting foul to him, if he is not is yhe of shooting, then it is a personal on u, but not a shooting foul, they just take it from out of bounds.backcourt violation is when u take the ball past half court, then u pass it back there or u step back over. an over the back foul is when two people are trying to get a rebound and persoon gets on the others back to get the rebound, im sure u know about 24 second violation, then threres goaltending and offensive goaltending, that if u block the the shot while it is coming down and offensive is if the ball is shot and its headed towared the basket ur teamate cannot touchit unless it bounces of the rim, them u can do a putback jamalama. If ur team is ovr the foul limit which is usually 5 or 6 fouls, the next foul no matter where u are is automatic freethrows, and if u yuorself have 5 fouls ur out. a technical foul is called by the ref for some sort of misconduct, one u get warning, two u are ejected from the game. pretty much it hope u have fun playing.(my favorite sport to) well also u have a three second violation on defense if u are standing in the paint as a defender for more then tree seconds, thats an automatic technicak foul and threre ball, also there is charging, if an offensive player runs into a defender and the defender is in the paint and has set is feet and squared up, it is a charge and there ball, offensive foul is just obious, peace

Answer 3

As the first answerer said, a foul is when a person gains an unfair advantage against his opponent.

Two ways a foul will lead to free throws:

FOULED IN THE ACT OF SHOOTING
When you were attempting a shot and got fouled, you get two free throws from the free throw line (basically an uncontested shot) if you did not make the shot, but if you did make the shot and got fouled, the shot will count (two points or three points, depending on from where you shot) plus you get one additional free throw.
If you shot from outside the three-point line, was fouled in the act of shooting, and missed the shot, you get three free throws.

OPPONENT FOULS WHILE OVER THE LIMIT
In the NBA, each team is only allowed four team fouls (defensive fouls; offensive fouls don't count as team fouls). Once a team commits five defensive fouls, each foul a member of that team makes, even though he fouls while the opponent was not in the act of shooting, means two free throw attempts. (Note that while over the limit, if the team fouls a person in the act of shooting from the 3-pt line, the fouled person still gets three attempts.)
Each player has a limit of six personal fouls. When a player reaches seven personal fouls, he is fouled out of the game.

A technical foul is when a player pisses off the referee, or in more formal terms, acts unsportsmanly. When a player is charged with a technical foul, the opposing team gets one shot from the free throw line plus possession of the basketball.

Answer 4

personal foul: foul by each player
team foul: total number of fouls of all players on a team per quarter.
technical foul: usually this foul is not caused by contact. the previous ones are caused by contact.
offensive foul: foul by a player while trying to score
deensive foul: foul by a player while defending against another player