how did the crusaders of the middle east change Europe?

Answer 1

They got Europe involved again in the Near and Middle East and Islamic culture : Byzantium, Jerusalem, the Seljuks, the Frankish Levantine Kingdoms, and later the Ottoman Empire. The Crusades got Europe back into contact with the Far East.

With the shock which feudalism received from the Crusades, central power was once more wielded by kings, and stone castles and standing armies with guns supplanted feudal and Papal authority.

And they brought back many new ideas and products : ideas about a Westward passage to the Indies, courtly love, windmills, spices, gun powder, the compass, paper, printing, influenza, alchemy, alcohol, algebra, optics, ivory, jade, diamonds, improved glass-manufacturing techniques, oranges, apples.

The Crusades caused the rise of free cities, the growth of commerce, the impulse given to art, improvements in agriculture, the rise of a middle class, the spread of literature, greater refinements in manners and dress, increased toleration of opinions.