Physics homework help, please! Answer the question below.?

Question

Q:
Explain how alfa and beta-particles may ionize an atom without directly hitting the electrons? What is the difference in the action of th two particles for producting ionization?


(Note: Details, please!)

Answer 1

alpha particles tear electrons off atoms therefore ionising them. they dont have to hit the electrons to do this. beta particles do the opposite. they repel the electrons, forcing them out of the shell of electrons.

alpha ionisation is generally more dangerous because it has a higher charge and ionises more.

alpha kills you easier if you swallow it :P

Answer 2

Since both are high energy charged particles, as they move in air and other gases, they strip the atoms of the outer electrons and thus cause ionisation. Actual collision with an electron is unlikely.

Alpha being a heavier particle, has higher ionisation compared to beta. However, heavier ionisation also means faster loss of energy (ionisation is achieved by a transfer of energy to the electrons) and thus shorter tracks. The penetrating power of alphas particles is thus lesser than beta particles.

Answer 3

I guess a beta or alpha particle could hit and be absorbed by the nucleus. That would create an ion of a different element than what you started with.

edit: The answer above makes mistakes in just about every sentence. Alpha radiation isn't dangerous unless you are stupid enough to swallow it. It doesn't penetrate anything very well. And both his mechanisms involve E-M interaction between the rad particles and the electrons, which qualifies as "hitting" them. (Of course, you can't really hit them).

Answer 4

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Answer 5

Check your physics book.