universal expansion?

Question

If the Universe continues to expand, will it eventually reach a point where each atom is parsecs away from the nearest one? If you have this condition will the universe be incredibly cold or incredibly hot?

Answer 1

It will be incredibly cold, asymptotically approaching absolute zero. If this scenario, the "heat death", does arise, atoms will no longer exist at some point.

The following is an excerpt from a book on the subject:

"When we think about the future, it is tempting to imagine that we are watching a film being run at a uniform speed. But another way to think about it - one that will give a better feeling for the immense time scales involved - is to imagine that the film speed is multiplied by 10 when the power of 10 goes up one digit. Thus, if we imagine that we are watching such a film being run at the rate of 10 billion years every minute, then right now we are a little less than two minutes into the story following the Big Bang. Eight minutes from now we will be seeing the universe when it is 100 billion (or 10^11) years old. The power of 10 has gone up one digit, so at that point the film speed increases by 10. The next [nine] minutes will take us to a trillion (10^12) years, at which point the speed again increases by 10 .... Adopting this method of looking at things is the only way we can even begin to imagine the immense time scales involved in working out the death of the universe.

" ...The process of star formation will begin to wind down...The burning out process would go on for a long time. Small, slow-burning stars cold last as long as 10^14 years...As these stars cool off, other kinds of dissipation begin to become important. Some stars will evaporate from the outer regions of the galaxy in a time scale of 10^19 years, while the densely packed stars in the galactic center may collapse together into a large black hole.

"When the universe is a billion times older, corresponding to nine changes in film speed, we will see an even thinner sea of background radiation in which an occasional black hole is embedded. Scattered among these landmarks in nothingness will be the solid remains of the evaporated stars and some debris. The universe will keep its composure through 13 more increases in film speed, until about 10^32 years.

"...According to theory, the protons that make up all matter are unstable, and have a half life of roughly 10^32 years. If the proton is indeed unstable, matter will be disintegrating fast enough for us to notice its disappearance on our film.

"If, on the other hand, protons are stable, nothing of the sort will have happened at 10^32 years. Universal expansion and cooling will continue. Now and then, miscellaneous solid material will fall into a black hole and produce flashes of radiation. As this state of affairs would persist until 10^65 years had passed, a hypothetical astronomer observing the universe would be getting very bored.

"With the film running at about 10^65 years per minute, an important process is starting to take place among black holes the size of our sun. We think of black holes as bodies so dense that nothing can ever escape their gravitational pull, yet on long time scales it turns out that this is not quite accurate. Black holes will lose appreciable energy through thermal radiation. In a sense, the black hole resembles an ember, giving off heat to its surroundings.

"With the film running at 10^65 years per minute, a black hole will start radiating substantial energy, getting brighter and brighter as it does so. In one minute of film time, the black hole will brighten the sky and then disappear, its only monument an addition to the expanding sea of radiation. As the film runs on, speeding up every ten minutes, larger and larger black holes will undergo the same process and evaporate themselves away. For the next 35 changes in film speed we would see occasional fireworks as a black hole dies in an expanding universe. By the time all the black holes are gone, the film will be running at 10^100 years a minute.

"If the protons have decayed, this is the end of our story, because there is nothing left in the universe to produce any real change. If the proton does not decay, the disappearance of the black holes still leaves us with some solid matter to watch. The film now runs for 10 days, until each minute corresponds to 10^1500 years...On this scale matter turns to iron, the most stable nucleus.

"On still longer time scales - scales so long that we might have to watch our film for longer than the lifetime of the Earth - these iron spheres would become black holes, which would eventually evaporate.

"This means that at some distant time in the future, the universe will be a cold, thin sea of radiation, with perhaps a few forlorn particles mixed in."

...Probably way more than you wanted to know!

Answer 2

While the Universe is still expanding and Galaxies are moving away from each other, there are still some running into each other and other things going on as well. The internal inertia of the Galaxies and their component parts hold them together so it really is only the over all picture that is expanding. Mean while new stars, planets, black holes, etc. are still being created, so it is a very busy place, space.
The temp. is only relative to where you are, so called deep space is very cold in-dead, but every star, not unlike our own sun, keeps things very warm in their area.

Answer 3

Yeah. super Bang concept postulates that until eventually now the universe there become a extremely heat and dense center, and that center more advantageous quickly in the form commonplace because of the fact the "super bang" which created the Universe. the assumption does not say something approximately the place the dense center got here from. i think of this is in all risk that God created the Universe in the path of the vast Bang, even if if those days there have been some different theories placed forward which greater advantageous clarify issues like dark count. (you do no longer ought to understand what meaning.)

Answer 4

Well, it is for certain that the Universe is expanding, but not at the molecular level as you suggest. Consider that the platform we stand upon (planet Earth) is moving away from all other platforms at an even rate of speed. Things upon the platforms are not disintegrating from internal expansion.

Answer 5

I don't think the answer is in degrees. For the matter, physics, I think the answer is consciousness. God, science, atoms, all include a thinking process, wtf is the meaning of life? Shouldn't we solve this problem first. Throughout history we have expanded our universal expectations as our current society, one suggestion, stop.

Hubble could have been wrong?

Yea, wow he doesn't know anything. No proof, he doesn't even have a degree.

Answer 6

Yes and cold. The final entropy. Maybe in 100 Trillion years.

Answer 7

Before that happens, the Big Crunch will occur and the universe will start all over again!

Answer 8

From your answer on military question, I guess you were a female that was raped by a military soldier I suppose??? I think not, You just need to stop being weak and join the military and stop being so pissy and be a man.

Answer 9

Yes. And the result will be cold.