What is a port, PTR Record, Firmware, Baysean, Internal & External IPs, Port forwarding and things like that..

Question

I got a job recently and i need to know atleast the basics of Networking and all these terminologies and how they function. Can anyone help me with this. It's be greatly appreciated !

Answer 1

You need two things:

1) webopedia.com, best place for tech definitions

2) Networking for Dummies book.

Answer 2

wow, let's see if my memory of Networking Essential 101 works.
Internal and External IPs. Every computer on a network needs an IP address. This is used to send packets of info around. The sections of an IP address describe where the computer is. 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2 would be computers 1 and 2 on the network 192.168.0 whereas 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.2.1 would be the first computers on two different sub-networks of the overall network 192.168. And, the first subaddress of 192 tells any router service that all the packets are staying on the internal network. Every network usually has a gateway address that will lead to an external network. The gateway will normally be provided by your ISP. They have millions of useable addresses. Each of the subaddress numbers can be from 0 to 254, but again 192 is reserved for LANs--in other words no packet of information will ever be sent across the internet with a sender or receiver IP of 192.xx.xx.xx. [and 255.255.255.0 is always a subnet mask, never an assigned IP address].
Firmware is usually a ROM based bit of code such as a system's BIOS. It can be changed but is pretty much a constant and is not rewritten by any software through normal use of a computer.
Port forwarding has a few meanings. If several computers on a network want to use one printer [usually companies will not spend big bucks for every employee to have the high end super quality color laser printer] each computer will print the document to its own LPT port. But, some network router will recognize that each computer has to have that information forwarded to the printer port on a print server or the computer that actually has the printer connected to it. Each computer just sends out the informatin to its own port, it doesn't know there really is not a printer attached to it.

For more in depth [ and yeah it's deeep but not too complicated] find, either at your local good bookstore or online, a copy of Networking Essentials. It explains it all.
Good luck.

Answer 3

exterior maps to an identical port internally. this decision interior the router provides an threat to re-map ports (talked approximately as PAT as a replace of NAT), which maximum homestead clientele do not use. An occasion of PAT may well be incoming (exterior) port 8080 being mapped to the internal server port 80. you do not choose this in case you purely map the ports a million to a million... only positioned 12345 in the two entries.