did the dutch really swap new york for surinam, if so, why?

Question

the dutch had new amsterdam (now new york) as a colony and apparently swapped it for surinam, which seems an odd choice with the benefit of hindsight. Is this true? Why did they do it?

Answer 1

No they didn't.

The English claimed New Netherland on the ground of the Cabot discoveries; and Charles II now, 1664, coolly gave the entire country, from the Connecticut to the Delaware, to his brother James, Duke of York, ignoring the claims of the Dutch colony, and even disregarding his own charter of two years before the younger Winthrop. Richard Nicolls of the royal navy set out with a small fleet and about five hundred of the king's veterans. Reaching New England, he was joined by several hundred of the militia of Connecticut and Long Island, and he sailed for the mouth of the Hudson.

Stuyvesant had heard of the fleet's arrival at Boston, but he was made to believe that its object was to enforce the Episcopal service upon the Puritans of New England, and so unsuspecting was he that he went far up the river, to Fort Orange, to quell an Indian disturbance. Here he was when informed that Nicolls was moving toward New Amsterdam. Stuyvesant hastened down the river with all speed, arriving at New Amsterdam but one day before the English fleet hove into view. Nicolls demanded the surrender of the fort. Stuyvesant refused; he fumed and fretted and swore and stamped his wooden leg. He tore to bits a conciliatory letter sent him by Nicolls. He mustered his forces for defense. But the people were not with him; they were weary of his tyrannical government in which they had no part, weary of enriching a company at their own expense, and the choleric old governor had to yield. The fort was surrendered (1664) without bloodshed; New Amsterdam became New York, after the Duke of York; the upper Hudson also yielded, and Fort Orange became Albany, after another of the duke's titles, and all New Netherland, including the Delaware Valley, passed under English control.

A short war between England and Holland followed the conquest of Nicolls, and the Dutch sailed up the Thames River and visited fearful punishment on the English, though they did not win back New York. But nine years after the Nicolls victory, we may say by anticipation, the two nations were again at war, and a Dutch fleet reconquered New York and took possession of the Hudson Valley; but by the treaty of peace the next year the country was ceded back to the English, and Dutch rule ceased forever in North America.

With regard to Surinam, by the time the Spanish arrived in the late-15th century, the Surinen (the original inhabitants of Surinam) had been driven out by other Amerindian groups. Fierce resistance to colonisation deterred most would-be occupiers from Europe, although the territory formally changed hands many times between the Dutch, English and French, before finally being confirmed as a Dutch possession by the terms of the 1815 Treaty of Vienna. At this time, the majority of the population were slaves, working on the plantations. Despite the abolition of slavery in 1863, conditions changed very little until the early 20th century and the discovery of large bauxite deposits, which brought about a major change in the economic - and consequently, political - complexion of the country.

Answer 2

There's some information about the "trade" the British and Dutch made concerning Nieuw Amsterdam and Surinam on this site:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Suriname

As for the U. S. Virgin Islands, the U. S. purchased them from Denmark in1917. Go here for more information:
http://www.vinow.com/general_usvi/history/

Answer 3

Because the English in their boats had their cannons trained on the town of New Amsterdam, and if the Dutch hadn't agreed under duress to make the swap, the town would have been pulverised. The bloke who made the decision was Peter Stuyvesant, a one-legged Dutchman.

Answer 4

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Answer 5

Can't remember the date but it was fairly recent when the Dutch colony in S. America became Surinam.

Answer 6

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Answer 7

No, there was no swap. New Amsterdam (as it was then known) was taken off the Dutch by the British.

Answer 8

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Answer 9

2

Answer 10

1