Why are some alcohols soluble in water whereas others are not?
How is the SOLUBILITY of carboxylic acids affected by the addition of base and/or acid?
How does lemon juice remove the odor of fish?
2007-04-05 16:17:08 · 3 answers · asked by swimmer4tc06 2 in Science & Mathematics ➔ Chemistry
Why are some alcohols soluble in water whereas others are not?
This is down to polarity. The alcohol group has a dipole movement then attached to a a short chain alkane there is a strong dipole movement as water is also a polar solvent like solvents or compound will dissolve in each other if the environments are similar. As the alkane chain grows the dipole movement through out the molecular becomes weaker and weaker and it become more non-polar in nature. As the environments are not similar they do not dissolve.
How is the SOLUBILITY of carboxylic acids affected by the addition of base and/or acid?
Carboxylic acids in have an equilibrium
R-CO2H <-----> R-CO2- + H+
and Ka = [R-CO2-][H+]/[R-CO2H]
then base is added the base reacts with the proton to form salt and water. As the proton is gone from the equation and it then has to rearrange itsself so that Ka can be the same as before (Ka is a constant at a set temp). Now with the addition of an acid to the solution, the equation has more protons than normal and its rearranges itself so the equation is more on the left hand side and hence there is less of is on solution.
How does lemon juice remove the odor of fish?
Lemon is slightly acidic in nature. The order of the fish is most likely down to a amine based chemical. Then acid reacts with this chemical it forms an ammonium salt and hence is less volite than before.
2007-04-05 17:55:54 · answer #1 · answered by Mr Hex Vision 7 · 0⤊ 0⤋
The polarity of an alcohol is what enables it to be dissolved in water. The more polar the substance, the easier it is to dissolve. SImple alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol are easy to dissolve. But take a long chain fatty alcohol, the alcohol component is relatively small as part of this long chain which is mostly non-polar. So this type of alcohol will not be very soluble.
Lauric alcohol (14-16 carbons long) would be a good example.
2007-04-05 23:26:35 · answer #2 · answered by reb1240 7 · 0⤊ 0⤋
The first group have a high MW and the last are light. in fact the effect of Hydrogen bond decreases in the heavy alcohols, so they don't dissolve in water.
They dissolves in bases more than water & acids. they're just like the other acids!
Acidic property of vitamin C that's in lemon.
GOOD LUCK!
2007-04-06 15:33:34 · answer #3 · answered by Master of Chemistry 2 · 0⤊ 0⤋