How has the earth changed since it was formed?

Question

"The theory of uniformitarianism was also important in shaping the development of ideas in other disciplines. The work of Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace on the origin of the Earth's species extended the ideas of uniformitarianism into the biological sciences. The theory of evolution is based on the principle that the diversity seen in the Earth's species can be explained by the uniform modification of genetic traits over long periods of time.

Thus, uniformitarianism suggests that the continuing uniformity of existing processes should be used as the framework for understanding the geomorphic and geologic history of the Earth. Today, most theories of landscape evolution use the concept of uniformitarianism to describe how the various landforms of the Earth came to be."
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Answer 1

Whereas this is a relatively complicated answer, I will attempt to generalize as best I can. The Earth is estimated to be approx. 4.5 billion years old. During this time the Earth has : cooled off, become less volcanically active, the Earth's atmosphere has become as it is today. Life have evolved and become extinct and the Earth has gone though periods of warmer and cooler temperature changes. There is a principle in geology known as Uniformitarianism, and this simply states that the present is the key to the past

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