Controls include Bacillus thuringiensis, methoxychlor or Orthene.
http://www.oldhouseweb.com/gardening/garden/01701272.shtml
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Botanical insecticides and related structures
Pyrethrum is practically non-toxic to mammals as used. It kills insects on contact, quickly degrades on exposure to sunlight, and is most useful on pests of vegetables. Derived from the pyrethrum daisy, this compound acts on an insect’s nervous system. Sodium channels along nerve axons are affected, causing a single signal sent to an affected nerve to trigger repeated responses. Rapid loss of coordination is quickly followed by paralysis and death in insects. Chemists have modified pyrethrin to form semi-synthetic compounds called pyrethroids. These manufactured compounds, such as fluvalinate, have some of the same properties as pyrethrin, but tend to have longer residual activity, and may be effective against insects at remarkably low concentrations. Pyrethrum, and more importantly the more stable pyrethroids, are extremely toxic to fish. Some are lethal to fish at concentrations as low as 0.15 parts per billion. This is equivalent in linear units to 75 feet compared to the distance to the sun! Obviously, as cautioned on the product labels, pyrethrin or pyrethroids should never be allowed to enter surface waters.
Rotenone is also practically non-toxic to mammals, but is highly toxic to many beneficial insects and to fish. Its mode of action is to block the electron transport chain involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Consequently, chemical energy from food cannot be converted to ATP, the basic energy carrying molecule required by cells. It persists longer than pyrethrum, so can be highly disruptive to beneficial insects. It too is a preferred material for vegetables.
http://www.caes.state.ct.us/PlantPestHandbookFiles/pphIntroductory/introen.htm
This pretty well works for all insects.
the canker worm will turn into a moth.
Mothes hate cedar.
2007-03-30 04:51:31
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answer #1
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answered by LucySD 7
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