What are Federal and Unitary governments.?

Question

What are the advantages of both systems in Great Britain?

How are they reflected in the National legislature of G.B?

Since 1990, how has GB become more federal?

Answer 1

1. There is much more at this first website that will answer the first two questions well.

In the majority of nations, the public government contains multiple governments within itself, each of which have their own jurisdiction and laws. There are several systems of government, the unitary system, the federal system, and the confederate system. However for purpose of this article the confederate system is ignored. These systems of government include a central core government that is spread nationally, along with governments of smaller divisions of the country such as state, province, district, and city, among others. All of the said governments function according to a certain structured plan. Most countries have a government that uses either a unitary or a federal system, although some countries use a system with federal and unitary characteristics, such as a federacy.

Federal governments differ from unitary governments in the way political power is spread. In unitary governments, power radiates from the center of government; in a federal system, certain powers are allocated to state or local governments. In a federal system, the balance of power is usually codified as a constitution that allows local government direct authority over the people. In a unitary government, people are strongly concerned with gaining control whereas in a federal government, people focus on national and state issues.

2. This will help with the third and fourth questions.
The United Kingdom is a Constitutional Monarchy, with executive power exercised on behalf of the monarch by the Prime Minister and other cabinet ministers. Following the Act of Settlement 1701 only the descendants of Sophia of Hanover who were Anglican or Protestant, and had not married a Roman Catholic could succeed the throne. The monarch technically holds all executive power and must nominate a head of government (Prime Minister) that the Parliament agrees upon. The Prime Minister is nowadays always a member of the House of Commons; the last Lord to be Prime Minister was Lord Home(as Sir Alec Douglas-Home) in 1963-64.

The cabinet, including the Prime Minister, and other senior ministers collectively make up Her Majesty's Government. These ministers are drawn from, and are responsible to, Parliament. The British system of government has been emulated around the world – a legacy of the British Empire's colonial past, most notably in the other Commonwealth Realms – however the United Kingdom is one of the three countries in the world today that does not have a codified constitution (the other two being New Zealand and Israel), relying instead on traditional customs and separate pieces of constitutional law.

Following a period of economic stagnation and industrial strife in the 1970s after a global economic downturn, the 1980s saw the premiership of Margaret Thatcher, under whom a marked break with the post-war political and economic consensus saw, for her supporters, economic recovery, and, for her critics, greater social division. From the mid-1990s onward these trends have largely continued under the leadership of Tony Blair.

Answer 2

There are three ways to organize power in a country.

All at the top (unitary). Mainly at the top, but the local states haveing some autonomy (federal). Or mostly at the state level, with the central/national govt having some limited authority (confederate).