if ortho,para & meta are isomers type, then they are which isomers ? if not then what are they ?

Question

i want details about ortho, para & meta isomers

Answer 1

Ortho, meta, para, refer to the position of a secondary functional group that can be the same or not on a benzene ring.

For example, chloronitrobeneze.
now for arguments sake we have the nitro group in postion one, we can have the chloro groups in potions 2,3,4 (with 5 and 6 being the same as 2,3)
These postions 2,3,4 are can also be called ortho, meta and para. with
2,6 postions being ortha
3,5 being meta
and 4 being para.

Answer 2

The names indicate the nature of the isomer. The name arose when there was a group at the "1" position of a benzene ring, for example "CH3-", this being known as toluene. Call the other carbons in a clockwise manner "2" through "6". If a second group is added to the benzene ring, the CH3- tends to direct the second group to a specific position on the ring. For example, if a nitro (NO2-) group was added, it would be usually directed to the "2" position, which is ortho or the "4" position, which is para. Some 3-nitrotoluene or meta-nitrotoluene is also produced. For simple one group addition, we don;t worry about the 5 or 6 position, since we can "flip" the toluene over.

If we add another -NO2 group, the nitro group on the toluene will direct it differently; preferably to a meta position from the existing group. For instance, if you start with 2-nitrotoluene (ortho), the second nitro group is preferably to the -4 or -6 position, both of which are meta to the 2- position. A small amount will wind up as 2,3- or 2,5- dinitrotoluene. The 4-nitrotoluene (para) preferably directs the second nitro group to the -2, which is meta to the -4 position. Note that 4,6-dinitrotoluene can be flipped over to 2,4-dinitrotoluene. A small amount will wind up as 3,4-dinitrotoluene (the 3 position being ortho to the 4 position). We can't do para, since the CH3 is at the "1" position. Finally, the meta or
3-nitrotoluene will preferably form 3,5-dinitrotoluene, since the 5 position is meta to the 3 position. A small amount of 2,3- and 3,6-dinitrotoluene will also be formed.

These steps are important in the production of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is the important explosive. Other trinitro- isomers are produced, but detract from the performance of the symmetric TNT.