Ok, anytime you want to convert from one unit to another, you need a conversion ratio that you multiply in. For instance, 2 hours equals 120 minutes, and you get to that answer of 120 minutes because you multiplies by this conversion ratio:
60 mins
------------
1 hour
I'm trying to show (60 mins)/(1 hour) in a standard for up there
If you multiply 2 hours * (60 mins)/(1 hours) notice that the unit of "hours" cancel just like you are used to.
Finally, before I apply this all to your problem, here's how to get a conversion ratio. You need to be able to express one of one unit and some number of the other unit. So for hours and minutes we could say:
1 hour = 60 minutes
or
1 minutes = (1/60)hour
it doesn't matter which, you just need to know how many of the other 1 of the first makes.
Then divide both sides by either side such as:
1 hour = 60 mins
(1 hour)/(60 mins) = (60 mins)/(60 mins)
(1 hour)/(60 mins) = 1
or
1 hour = 60 mins
(1 hour)/(1 hour) = (60 mins)/(1 hour)
1 = (60 mins)/(1 hour)
Remember, you can multiply anything by 1 and it stays the same quantity, and in the case, only the units change. Both of our above conversion ratios are equal to 1.
You always have two conversion ratios like this, and the one you use depends on which unit you are converting to. You need the unit you are trying to leave to cancel with the same unit in your ratio, so usually you will find it on the bottom.
If you followed me so far, you're in great shape and my now I'll try to make it all clear by going through your problem.
Now, this question is a little bit more confusing because they ask for the distance in centimeters. We will need to convert the literal distance of the cities into centimeters, and then convert those unit map units.
So, let's convert 66km into cm. I'm going to create two conversion ratios since I don't know instantaneously how many cm and in 1 km, I'm going to convert from km to m, then from m to cm. It could be done in one step but I'm going to use two.
1 kilometer = 1000 meters
1 kilometer
------------------- = 1
1000 meters
1 meter = 100 centimeters
1 meter
------------------------ = 1
100 centimeters
I purposely put kilometers and meters on the top of those two conversion ratios because I know that's how I will need them to cancel out. If I accidentally put them in the wrong place, it's easy just to flip the two values.
Maitland and Townsend are 66km apart and we want this in centimeters. All we need to do is multiply that by our conversion ratios until our units are in cm:
66km * (1000 meters)/(1 km) = 66,000 meters
66,000 meters * (100 cm)/(1m) = 6,600,000 cm
We now have the distance in cm! Next we need to convert this to our map scale. Notice that scale that we were given, namely 1:200,000. This means for each 1 unit on our map, the real world would have 200,000. Before you read on, see if you can make a conversion ratio for this like we've done above, naming your units cm and "map cm", or some such. Then scroll down to see how ya did.
So using the scale they gave us, we can put this into the following equation:
1 "map cm" = 200,000 cm
1 "map cm"
------------------ = 1
200,000 cm
Now we just multiply this into our value in a way that cancels out cm and introduces "map cm", which requires our ratio to have "map cm" on top, otherwise we'd have to switch them around. Here goes:
6,600,000 cm * (1 "map cm")/(200,000 cm) = 66 "map cm"/2
= 33 "map cm"
And that's our final answer.
--charlie
If you want to stick around and verify your answer, we can quickly do the following:
33 "map cm" into km
33 "map cm" * 200,000 cm per "map" cm = 6,600,000 cm
6,600,000 * 1 meter per 100 cm = 66,000 m
66,000 m * 1 km per 1000 m = 66 km
And I got back to the first value given in the question, making me more confident in my answer.
Lastly, if you notice, in my check, my ratios were flipped with the units in the alternate position from that which they were in as I was getting my answer, that way the units cancel in the opposite direction.
--charlie
2007-03-24 06:20:40
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answer #5
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answered by chajadan 3
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