What is one side effect for each of the 4 types of chromosomal mutations?
2007-03-22 08:27:55 · 1 answers · asked by Jacobeme Mugatu 2 in Science & Mathematics ➔ Biology
When the chromosome's structure is altered. This can take several forms:
* Deletions: A portion of the chromosome is missing or deleted. Known disorders include Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, which is caused by partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4; and Jacobsen syndrome, also called the terminal 11q deletion disorder.
* Duplications: A portion of the chromosome is duplicated, resulting in extra genetic material. Known disorders include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A which may be caused by duplication of the gene encoding peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP22) on chromosome 17.
* Translocations: When a portion of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome. There are two main types of translocations. In a reciprocal translocation, segments from two different chromosomes have been exchanged. In a Robertsonian translocation, an entire chromosome has attached to another at the centromere; these only occur with chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22.
* Inversions: A portion of the chromosome has broken off, turned upside down and reattached, therefore the genetic material is inverted.
* Rings: A portion of a chromosome has broken off and formed a circle or ring. This can happen with or without loss of genetic material.
2007-03-22 08:54:15 · answer #1 · answered by MSK 4 · 0⤊ 0⤋