Difference between ?

Question

Difference between ?
Question Details: carbohydrate ,lipid,protein,peptide : what we call these things biochemistry of chemy just or what ? thanks 4 helping
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Answer 1

Carbohydrates or saccharides (Greek sakcharon meaning "sugar") are simple molecules that are straight-chain aldehydes or ketones with many hydroxyl groups added, usually one on each carbon atom that is not part of the aldehyde or ketone functional group. The basic carbohydrate units are called monosaccharides, such as glucose, galactose, and fructose.

Lipids are a class of hydrocarbon-containing organic compounds. Lipids are categorized by the fact that they are soluble in nonpolar solvents (such as ether and chloroform) and are relatively insoluble in water. Lipid molecules have these properties because they consist largely of long hydrocarbon tails which are hydrophobic in nature. In living organisms, lipids are used for energy storage, serve as structural components of cell membranes, and constitute important signaling molecules. Although the term lipid is often used as a synonym for fat, the latter is in fact a subgroup of lipids called triglycerides.

Proteins are relatively large organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is defined by a gene and encoded in the genetic code. Although this genetic code specifies 20 "standard" amino acids, the residues in a protein are often chemically altered in post-translational modification: either before the protein can function in the cell, or as part of control mechanisms. Proteins can also work together to achieve a particular function, and they often associate to form stable complexes.

Peptides (from the Greek πεπτος, "digestible") are the family of short molecules formed from the linking, in a defined order, of various α-amino acids. The link between one amino acid residue and the next is an amide bond and is sometimes referred to as a peptide bond.

Proteins are polypeptide molecules (or consist of multiple polypeptide subunits). The distinction is that peptides are short and polypeptides proteins are long. There are several different conventions to determine these, all of which have flaws.

Answer 2

Quite a lot. Punk as a philosophy centers around rejection. Rejection of capitalism, socialism, politics, economics, aesthetics, logic and rhetoric. In its nature it brings this philosophy to the attention of others by being invasive, brash, vulgar and overstated. In short it attempted to "shock" people into acknowledging their values, or rather their lack of values. For example the use of the swastika was used to shock the generation who had fought against naziism, informing them that their struggles and sacrifices had ultimately been fruitless as society was still flawed at its core. Initially punk was associated with anarchism (NOT anarchy), and was quite left wing. It interpreted the legal system as part of the state apparatus by which the working classes were subjugated and oppressed. During the 80's however, it became associated with the far right, neo-Nazis, especially the anti-immigration platform in the UK and the skinhead movement in the US, where "Oy!" punk became almost synomymous with racism. This was in spite of the fact that most major punk bands, The Clash and The Jam for example, were very left-wing and sympathetic to the labour movement. They did mostly have to make little of their usually middle-class roots. Musically punk was both shocking and a rejection of the Shelleyan ideal of the artist as a genius, which had become common during the 70's as most bands contained at least one virtuoso and prog became popular. Expression was about emotion rather than skill and clarity and energetic play rather than actual musical talent became admired. Punk also largely ignored the mainstream record labels and released records independently or on small labels. Emo on the other hand is possibly an example of the first fashion trend to have been designed by corporate media. Major record labels profited from punk, but not as much as they felt they could have, and grunge caught them completely off guard (except Geffen), so they decided to create a new genre they could control from the off. It embraces much of punk and grunge anti-corporate sentiment, but has a largely peacful image, so that parents won't object. Musically it's not really a genre. Emo bands are bands that "look" emo rather than "sound" emo, though lyrical themes are common. It is aimed squarely at middle class teenagers, the easiest base to target, but the one that no record company can afford to misjudge (as they did during grunge). In terms of philosophy, Emo is utopian and oomphalic (yes that is a word, derived from the Greek world for "navel"). It seeks to create a community of like minded people who understand each other, as opposed to school, family and authority figure from whom Emo's feel disengaged. These communities are entirely accepting of kindred spirits and dismissive of, though not aggressive towards other groups. In short it's a perfectly acceptabel form of rebellion that parents will accept, even endorse, but which will make corporations millions, and also create an audience for acts that may not find one naturally (because they tend not to be very good). In terms of fashion, it combines the more benign aspects of goth, punk and skater. It short, it's a fabricated movement. Hope that explains a few things.