Numitor was King of Alba Longa. (A city in Italy.) He had a daughter, Rhea Silvia. Then he died and his brother Amulius became king. He didn't want Rhea Silvia to have a child, who would become king instead of him, so he made her become a Vestal Virgin, a priestess sworn to chastity who served Vesta. The punishment for breaking the vow of chastity was to be walled up alive. Mars, the god of war, either raped or had sex with Rhea Silvia. After she had given birth, the punishment was administered. Mars had forgotten about her by this point. Her sons, the twins Romulus and Remus, were set afloat in the River Tiber in a small basket. They washed ashore and were nursed by a she-wolf, until a shepherd, Faustulus, found and raised them. When they were older, Jupiter told them to found a city. Romulus killed Remus either in an argument over which hill Jupiter had indicated, or over whose walls were higher. Then he founded Rome.
2007-03-21 10:14:20
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answer #1
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answered by Halcyon 4
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Numitor
by Micha F. Lindemans
The king of Alba Longa, father of Rhea Silvia. He was dethroned by his brother Amulius, but later his grandsons Romulus and Remus restored him to power.
Livius I, 3; Virgil VI, 768.
Amulius
by Micha F. Lindemans
The brother of King Numitor of Alba Longa. He dethroned his brother and killed his sons. To prevent that Numitor's only daughter, Rhea Silvia, would provide offspring that may be a threat to the throne, he forced the girl to became a Vestal virgin. When the girl became pregnant and gave birth to the twins Romulus and Remus, Amulius had the twins thrown into the Tiber and locked their mother in a dungeon. The twins later killed Amulius and restored their grandfather to the throne.
Livius I, 3-5.
Mars
by Micha F. Lindemans
The god of war, and one of the most prominent and worshipped gods. In early Roman history he was a god of spring, growth in nature, and fertility, and the protector of cattle. Mars is also mentioned as a chthonic god (earth-god) and this could explain why he became a god of death and finally a god of war. He is the son of Jupiter and Juno. According to some sources, Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus by the Vestal Ilia (Rhea Silvia). Because he was the father of these legendary founders of Rome, and thus of the Roman people, the Romans styled themselves 'sons of Mars'.
Mars
His main sanctuaries where the temple on the Capitol, which he shared with Jupiter and Quirinus, the temple of Mars Gradivus ("he who precedes the army in battle") where the Roman army gathered before they went to war, and the temple of Mars Ultor ("the avenger"), located on the Forum Augustus. The Campus Martius ("field of Mars"), situated beyond the city walls, was also dedicated to him. Here the army was drilled and athletes were trained. In the Regia on the Forum Romanum, the 'hastae Martiae' ("lances of Mars") were kept. When these lances 'moved', it was seen as a portent of war. The warlord who was to lead the army into battle had to move the lances while saying 'Mars vigila' ("Mars awaken"). As Mars Gradivus, the god preceded the army and led them to victory.
He had several festivals in his honor. On March 1, the Feriae Marti was celebrated. The Armilustrium was held on October 19, and on this day the weapons of the soldiers were ritually purified and stored for winter. Every five years the Suovetaurilia was held. During these fertility and cleansing rites, a pig (sus), a sheep (ovis) and bull (taurus) were sacrificed. The Equirria were on February 27 and March 14, on which horse races were held. The Quinquatrus was on March 19 and the Tubilustrium on March 23, on which weapons and war-trumpets were cleansed. The priests of Mars, who also served Quirinus, were called the Salii ("jumpers"), derived from the procession through the streets of the city which they completed by jumping the entire way and singing the Carmen Saliare. Mars' own priest was called the flamen Martialis.
Mars is portrayed as a warrior in full battle armor, wearing a crested helmet and bearing a shield. His sacred animals are the wolf and the woodpecker, and he is accompanied by Fuga and Timor, the personifications of flight and fear. The month March (Martius) is named after him (wars were often started or renewed in spring). His Greek equivalent is the god Ares.
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Rhea Silvia
by Micha F. Lindemans
The Vestal virgin who became, by Mars, the mother of the twins Romulus and Remus. She is the daughter of king Numitor of Alba Longa, who was dethroned by his brother Amulius. Her uncle gave her to the goddess Vesta so she would remain a virgin for the rest of her life. Amulius had learned from an oracle that her children would become a threat to his power. However, because she had violated her sacred vow, she and her children were cast in the Tiber. The god Tiberinus rescued her and made her his wife. (Livius I, 3)
Romulus
by Micha F. Lindemans
Romulus and Remus were the twin sons of Rhea Silvia and Mars. They were, together with their mother, cast into the Tiber. The god Tiberinus saved Rhea Silvia from drowning, and the brothers were miraculously rescued by a she-wolf. The wolf reared the twins together with her cubs underneath a fig tree (the 'ruminalus ficus'). After a few years they were found by the shepherd Faustulus, who took the brothers home and gave them to his wife Acca Larentia to raise.
Romulus
When they reached maturity they killed Amelius, the brother of their grandfather, and built a settlement on the Palatine Hill. During a quarrel where Remus mocked the height of the walls, Romulus slew Remus and became the sole ruler of the new Rome, which he had named after himself. He took Hersilia as his wife.
To enlarge his empire, he allowed exiles and refugees, homicides and runaway slaves to populate the area. The shortage of women he solved by stealing Sabine women whom he invited to a festival. After a few wars, the Sabines agreed to accept Romulus as their king. Upon his death he was taken to the heavens by his father Mars. He is later revered as the god Quirinus.
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2007-03-21 14:39:09
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answer #3
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answered by ? 6
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