What are the present achievement of nuclear fusion experiment,what counties are involved?

Question

People say that our future engery sourse may depend on the succes of nuclear fusion experiment.When these experiments can be use in the real world.

Answer 1

Controlled nuclear fusion has been a reality for about 20 years. The trouble has been, and continues to be, that there is no way to make fusion into an economically viable source of power generation.

Currently the US, Russia, Japan, and France are actively pursuing research into magnetic confinement (Tokamak) and inertial confinement (Nation Ignition Facility) fusion. Bascially, the idea is that you confine the extremely hot plasma that is undegoing fusion by either using extremely high magnetic fields and a low density plasma, or by using an implosive shock wave process. Both processes work just fine for achieving fusion, and I both have made "break even", which is getting out as much thermal energy yield from the fusion as you have put into it in order to get it to start.

Like I said, however, the trouble is that all of this has been, and continues to be, a laboratory-only experience. Fusion reactors are huge, expensive (the costs of NIF are now in the 10's of billions of dollars), and just not very practical. A lot of very smart people have been working hard to solve the technical problems of creating controlled fusion for decades now. The main problem is that you need a lot of very maintenance-hungry lasers and optics, superconducting magnets, high power klystrons, exotic reactor materials, large scale ultra-clean room conditions (class 10 and better), highly accurate fuel pellets, enormous amounts of data acquisition and control electronics, etc. Because of the extremely high temperatures needed for fusion (high enough for Bremstrahl x-rays), and because of the neutron-induced radioactivity of the reactor walls, humans can't be near a reactor while in operation, nor can they go inside a reactor once it has begun use, and so only very expensive ROV's can venture into the reactor for maintenance. All of these reasons mean that FUSION IS HIGHLY UNLIKELY TO EVER AND I MEAN EVER BE ECONOMICALLY VIABLE.

Answer 2

Nuclear fusion has been achieved long back .It gave birth to the Hydrogen Bomb.
The negative point of this aspect is that the process of the energy release while controlling the fusion reaction and the process has still not been achieved.