X. Describe ways The Brain and Nervous Systems Are Studied?

Answer 1

There are a number of ways that they are being used now, each often raising more questions than they answer in the broad sense.
The brain controls the nervous system, as you may know, they are not separate. The effect that parts of the brain can have on the nervous system are absolutely fascinating.

We have long had MRIsm(magnetic resonance imaging) which can map the anatomy of the brain in exquisite detail. The exact position of a tumour, for instance, can be seen this way.

fMRIs (functioning MRIs) can see which parts of the brain are active biochemically while performing specific tasks, such as speech, memory, senses, etc. so that a surgeon can be aware of what functions could be affected by the techniques he is using, and where not to go if possible, etc.

PET (positron emission tomography) scans are amazing, and can, using radioactive isotopes, see just how much activity is taking place in the areas of the brain when specific tasks are performed, and what alterations occur within that area ~ they have had subjects do a whole range of tasks involving emotions, also, and can see which "light up" when they occur, and how much.

The Limbic System, deep within the brain, is of particular interest, as it affects our nervous system in ways we are still trying to understand more. How we respond to fear, love, sex, joy, grief and anger are all influenced, and even caused, by the chemicals we produce when experiencing something.

Some people react differently to certain emotional and/or physical stimuli, and exactly why this is so is the subject of much research and debate.......it is an area I have been following myself with awe and fascination for some time.

For instance, electrical stimulation of specific areas of the brain can evoke memories, smells, sounds and even feelings of transcendence of self into some as yet uncharted territory.

I could write on it here for pages, it is so complex, and still mysterious in a number of ways ~ even raising ethical and "moral" issues, which as you can imagine, presents a veritable mine field of debate!

Hmmm.......don't know if that satisfactorily answers your question.....or if you need to know some things more specifically. Hope it has helped a little bit, anyway!