I have some questions in psychology and more specifically phenomenology research...?

Question

1)Can you give me th definition of deconstructionism?

2)Is phenomenology different from logical postitivism?

3)Can you give me the definition of content analysis and tell me if it's different from phenomenology?

4)In phenomenology research, what are "meaning units"?

5) What are open-ended interviews?

Thank you very much! Answer any or all (preferaby all) of these questions for me and you get 10 points!

Answer 1

Deconstructionism-
A term tied very closely to postmodernism, deconstructionism is a challenge to the attempt to establish any ultimate or secure meaning in a text. Basing itself in language analysis, it seeks to "deconstruct" the ideological biases (gender, racial, economic, political, cultural) and traditional assumptions that infect all histories, as well as philosophical and religious "truths." Deconstructionism is based on the premise that much of human history, in trying to understand, and then define, reality has led to various forms of domination - of nature, of people of color, of the poor, of homosexuals, etc. Like postmodernism, deconstructionism finds concrete experience more valid than abstract ideas and, therefore, refutes any attempts to produce a history, or a truth. In other words, the multiplicities and contingencies of human experience necessarily bring knowledge down to the local and specific level, and challenge the tendency to centralize power through the claims of an ultimate truth which must be accepted or obeyed by all.

Phenomenology-
The term phenomenology in modern science, especially in physics, is used to describe a body of knowledge which relates several different empirical observations of phenomena to each other, in a way which is consistent with fundamental theory, but is not directly derived from theory.
-Phenomenology is a current in philosophy that takes intuitive experience of phenomena (what presents itself to us in conscious experience) as its starting point and tries to extract the essential features of experiences and the essence of what we experience. It stems from the School of Brentano and was mostly based on the work of the 20th century philosopher Edmund Husserl, and was developed further by Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Martin Heidegger.
Logical postivism-
-Logical positivism (later referred to as logical empiricism) holds that philosophy should aspire to the same sort of rigor as science. Philosophy should provide strict criteria for judging sentences true, false and meaningless.
-Positivism was a school of thought which originated in the 1920s and 1930s which essentially held that all propositions, whether metaphysical or physical, are meaningless unless they can be empirically verified (the verification principle ). However, the idea was a self-refuting proposition since it could not be empirically verified itself - ie logical positivism , like other propositions, could not pass the test of empirical verification.
Content analysis-
-A set of procedures for collecting and organizing nonstructured information into a standardized format that allows one to make inferences about the characteristics and meaning of written and otherwise recorded material.
-A research procedure for studying naturally occurring conversations in settings such as task groups or therapy groups. Content analysis is done with a list or matrix of concepts that serve to focus the study and evaluate specific processes. In the majority of cases, these concepts do not investigate the actual content of speech but rather the process of speaking (such questinoing or advising). Content analysis systems differ, however, in the the categories of speech they investigate.
-Content analysis (also called: textual analysis) is a standard methodology in the social sciences on the subject of communication content. Harold Lasswell formulated the core questions of content analysis: "Who says what, to whom, why, to what extent and with what effect?". Ole Holsti (1969) offers a broad definition of content analysis as "any technique for making inferences by objectively and systematically identifying specified characteristics of messages.
...all the best.

Answer 2

i love phenomenology, so yeah i definately could answer those questions.

Answer 3

Do own homework. Read the text book