are cortical neurons and the neurons in the neocortex exactly at the same place?What is the difference?

Question

Do cortical and neocortex mean the same thing or the neurons involve in them different in style and function.And where can i find detailed information about them?

Answer 1

The cerebral cortex is made up of the neocortex and the allocortex. Neocortex is an area of cortex with six layers, the allocortex is an area of cortex with less than six layers. Cortical layers are the observed "banding" in a slice through the cortex, where neurons of different sizes and shapes form together in different densities. These layers have discrete functions.
http://www.ece.umd.edu/class/enee719v.S2002/figures/cortical-layers.jpg

There are many different types of neurons in the cortex. They have functional, molecular, and anatomical differences. In fact trying to classify all the neurons in the cortex has kept neuroscientists busy for a long time.

As an electrophysiologist, I categorize neurons by the pattern and nature of firing, and where they are, i.e. Layer IV regular spiking neuron. Some anatomists generally specify things by different proteins expressed inside the neuron, i.e. a parvalbumin negative nueruon. Other anatomists categorize neurons by there shape, e.g. a pyramidal cell. The best way to categorize a neuron is via all three of these methods.

So the allocortex and the neocortex are two types of tissue that make up the cerebral cortex. These areas contain many types of neurons. Even within different areas of the neocortex you get varying neuronal types, i.e. the prefrontal cortex does not contain spiny stellate cells, while the somatosensory cortex does.

More information can be found on wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex

If you are really keen for some serious info, get to a library and find:
Principles of Neural Science edited by Kandel, Schwartz and Jessel