Why do volcanoes near Hawaii erupt since there is no faults nor is it on a plate boundary there?

Question

I need this for my project so please help me ASAP.

Answer 1

Hawalii is over a 'hotspot' basically a thin bit in the earths crust, there is no blate boundries, it is simply a weak area. if you look at a world map with the pacific ocean surface visable you cans ee how the hotspot has stayed in the same place as the plate has moved

good luck in your project

Answer 2

First consider the make up of the Earth.

The mantle is a thick layer of silicate rock that surrounds a dense, predominantly iron core. The outer core is molten liquid and surrounds a solid inner core about the size of the moon. The cooling of the liquid outer core results in fluid motions in the molten metal that produce electric currents, which generate the geomagnetic field.

Heating at the base of the mantle, meanwhile, drives upwellings of hot mantle material that may rise to volcanoes at the surface and contribute to the slow shifting of tectonic plates. These plates consist of the thin, rocky crust and the rigid top layer of the mantle. They float on the deeper mantle, which is solid but plastic enough to flow very slowly, and their movements trigger earthquakes and gradually change the positions of continents.

Hot spots are where a persistent heat source rises into the mantle and then either finds a weakspot to break through the crust or melts it's way through the crust.

Island chains like Hawaii and the Canary Islands form over hot spots. Several new research findings have been published in the last year. The most recent research suggest that upwelling of hot mantle material may be taking place at the edges of a lens of postperovskite. They detected the lens in the lowermost mantle southeast of Hawaii, an area where previous studies have suggested there is an upwelling hot mantle plume from near the core-mantle boundary that may be responsible for the Hawaiian Islands chain of volcanoes.

Another study observed ratios of uranium-series isotopes across eight island locations and strongly supports upwelling of mantle material as the source of the islands.

Answer 3

The previous answer is close but not quite complete.

The Hawaiian Islands are formed from the cones of undersea volcanoes.

These particular volcanoes are of a rather rare type that are caused by a rising fountain of magma from deep in the earth which actually punches through the tectonic plate above it.

When it punches through it erupts as an underwater volcano and builds up until it rises above sea level.

As the cone above it builds up and the tectonic plate shifts eventually the magma plume encounters too much resistence and forms another opening and a new volcano begins.

As the tectonic plate moves it causes the islands from the volcanoes to shift with it and it leaves a trail of islands going away from the source of the magma.

This is also why the further islands tend to be more stable yet more eroded and older.

Answer 4

Hawaii 'floats' over "hot spots".......

This is from a book. I summarized it 4 u:

Some volcanoes form from hot spots in Earth’s mantle. A hot spot is an area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma. A volcano forms above a hot spot when magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface. Some hot spot volcanoes lie in the middle of plates far from any plate boundaries. Others occur near plate boundaries.
A hot spot in the ocean floor can gradually form a series of volcanic mountains. For example, the Hawaiian Islands formed one by one over millions of years as the pacific plate drifted over a hot spot.

This is from my brain:

Hot spots are places within tectonic plates that are above plumes. Plumes are columns of rising magma. The plumes lie between the mantle and core and produce a long chain of volcanoes. These volcanoes are not formed from plates. They are from plumes. These plumes are columns of rising magma, so eventually, the magma will erupt out of the volcanoes.

Hope that helps! Good luck on your project!

Answer 5

The Pacific Ocean is outlined by the "Ring of Fire", which is on a tectonic plate line. Volcanoes line the ring, and the whole shifting and releasing of gas makes it a prominent area for earthquakes. Hawaii happens to be on a known hotspot within this ring. A hotspot is a vent of steam in the ocean floor, that has opened up. The site below illustrates that.

http://www.crystalinks.com/rof.html

Hope this helps!

Answer 6

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