Natural selection is best measured by........?

Question

a, numerous adaptions
b. reproductive success
c. biodiversity
d. rate of environmental change

Answer 1

b. its the only thing that matters, it defines best adapted

Answer 2

B. reproductive success.
A can matter, but what if all the adaptations are useless?
C. Once again, this is deceptive. The best answer is still B; biodiversity implies that there is a high chance for a range of adaptations, but again, these can be all useless once nature kicks their rears with a flood.
D. Ummm...that might. If natural disasters happen every day, that would drastically affect natural selection.
Darwin used the concept of "fitness," or the ability of the animal to reproduce offspring, as the benchmark of natural selection; the whole point of natural selection is to pass on as much genes to as many offspring as possible. The others all are factors of selection, but fitness is mused to measure natural selection above all else.

Answer 3

All of the above and more.

Answer 4

ALL OF THE ABOVE