What perfume is considered to be the first 'oriental'?

Answer 1

Most people would say 'Shalimar' from 1925, but this is likely just the first big-name oriental. It is more likely "Hammam Bouquet":

'Penhaligon created 'Hammam Bouquet' in 1872, a sophisticated fragrance consisting of jasmine, roses and sandalwood.'

Those scents are very typical of an oriental type of perfume, and its origin in an Anglo-Turkish bath adds to the 'theme'.

Top Notes - Lavender, Bergamot
Middle Notes - Otto of Roses, Cedarwood, Orris, Jasmine
Base Notes - Musk, Amber, Sandalwood