Does the Black Hole really exists in the space?

Question

What is The Black Hole exactly and how does it look like?

Answer 1

A black hole is an object predicted by general relativity,[1] with a gravitational field so powerful that even electromagnetic radiation (such as light) cannot escape its pull.[2]

A black hole is defined to be a region of space-time where escape to the outside universe is impossible. The outer boundary of this region is called the event horizon. Nothing can move from inside the event horizon to the outside, even briefly, due to the extreme gravitational field existing within the region. For the same reason, observers outside the event horizon cannot see any events which may be happening within the event horizon; thus any energy being radiated or events happening within the region are forever unable to be seen or detected from outside. Within the black hole is a singularity, an anomalous place where matter is compressed to the degree that the known laws of physics no longer apply to it.

Theoretically, a black hole can be of any size. Astrophysicists expect to find black holes with masses ranging between roughly the mass of the Sun ("stellar-mass" black holes) to many millions of times the mass of the Sun (supermassive black holes).

The existence of black holes in the universe is well supported by astronomical observation, particularly from studying X-ray emission from X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei. It has also been hypothesized that black holes radiate an undetectably small amount of energy due to quantum mechanical effects. This is called Hawking radiation.

Most planets and other celestial bodies are stable because the Pauli force between electrons prevents atoms from collapsing into each other, while gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong force pull them together. These opposing forces create a balance which allows material bodies to retain their shape and structure. In extreme circumstances, however, if there is enough matter in a small enough space, gravity ends up winning, and the matter collapses: electrons cannot stay distant from the atomic nucleus, and incredibly dense matter forms (sometimes called neutronium).

If an even greater amount of mass is contained within the same space, even the Pauli force between nucleons cannot resist gravity and the body collapses into itself forming a black hole. In a way that can be hard to imagine, nothing can stop this collapse if enough matter gets into a small enough space, and the matter collapses to a point of zero height, width, and depth, known as a singularity. The mass in a singularity is so dense it is no longer "matter" in any real sense, but some kind of anomaly in space. Anything that gets too close to this singularity will also collapse into it the same way, whether it is matter, energy or even light itself, which is the fastest thing in the universe. The failure of even light to escape its gravitation is how this phenomenon initially acquired the name black hole.

Because matter and energy that pass this "boundary" can never escape back again, observers outside this invisible "boundary" can neither see inside nor detect what might happen within the interior — it is forever hidden from view. The invisible 'dividing line' in space where matter or energy will be unavoidably drawn into the black hole is known as the event horizon, because, like the earth's horizon, nothing can be seen beyond it.

It was later found that energy can escape from black holes in an unexpected way, and that therefore black holes can evaporate. In space, virtual particles are continually coming into existence and vanishing on a microscopic scale that is so small they cannot easily be detected. This is a consequence of quantum physics and only works on a subatomic scale. Conceptually, these particles can be imagined to appear in pairs and vanish a tiny fraction of a second later again. For this reason they are not readily noticed. But close to the black hole's event horizon, the intense gravitational field separates the two particles even in the fractional second that they exist. One particle may be absorbed into the black hole, the other escapes. From an external perspective all that is seen is the second of these, giving the appearance of energy being radiated outward, escaping from its gravitational field beyond the event horizon. In this way, paradoxically, black holes can evaporate. This process is thought to be significant for the very smallest black holes, as a black hole of stellar mass or larger would absorb more energy from cosmic microwave background radiation than they lose this way. The radiation emitted is referred to as Hawking radiation.

Black holes generally come in two types: those with a mass up to ten times the mass of our Sun, and those with a mass that is millions or billions of times that of our sun. The latter are called supermassive black holes, and are thought to exist at the centers of galaxies.[3] Micro black holes are believed to be possible but very short-lived, capable of creation under extreme circumstances such as the Big Bang or perhaps by very high powered particle accelerators or ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.[4]


History
The concept of a body so massive that even light could not escape was put forward by the geologist John Michell in a 1784 paper sent to Henry Cavendish and published by the Royal Society.[5] At that time, the Newtonian theory of gravity and the concept of escape velocity were well known. Michell computed that a body with 500 times the radius of the Sun and of the same density would have, at its surface, an escape velocity exceeding that of the speed of light, and therefore would be invisible. In his words:

“ If the semi-diameter of a sphere of the same density as the Sun were to exceed that of the Sun in the proportion of 500 to 1, a body falling from an infinite height towards it would have acquired at its surface greater velocity than that of light, and consequently supposing light to be attracted by the same force in proportion to its vis inertiae (inertial mass), with other bodies, all light emitted from such a body would be made to return towards it by its own proper gravity. ”

Michell considered the possibility that many such objects that cannot be seen might be present in the cosmos.

In 1796, the mathematician Pierre-Simon Laplace promoted the same idea in the first and second editions of his book Exposition du système du Monde (it was removed from later editions). The idea gained little attention in the nineteenth century, since light was thought to be a massless wave, hence not influenced by gravity.

In 1915, Albert Einstein developed the theory of gravity called general relativity, having earlier shown that gravity does influence light. A few months later, Karl Schwarzschild gave the solution for the gravitational field of a point mass and a spherical mass,[6][7] showing that a black hole could theoretically exist. The Schwarzschild radius is now known to be the radius of the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole, but this was not well understood at that time. Schwarzschild himself thought it was not physical. A few months after Schwarzschild, a student of Lorentz, Johannes Droste, independently gave the same solution for the point mass and wrote more extensively about its properties.

In 1930, the astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar argued that special relativity demonstrated that a non-radiating body above 1.44 solar masses, now known as the Chandrasekhar limit, would collapse since there was nothing known at that time that could stop it from doing so. His arguments were opposed by Arthur Eddington, who believed that something would inevitably stop the collapse. Both were correct, since a white dwarf more massive than the Chandrasekhar limit will collapse into a neutron star. However, a neutron star above about three solar masses (the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit) will itself become unstable against collapse due to similar physics.

In 1939, Robert Oppenheimer and H. Snyder predicted that massive stars could undergo a dramatic gravitational collapse. Black holes could, in principle, be formed in nature. Such objects for a while were called frozen stars since the collapse would be observed to rapidly slow down and become heavily redshifted near the Schwarzschild radius. The mathematics showed that an outside observer would see the surface of the star frozen in time at the instant where it crosses that radius. These hypothetical objects were not the topic of much interest until the late 1960s. Most physicists believed that they were a peculiar feature of the highly symmetric solution found by Schwarzschild, and that objects collapsing in nature would not form black holes.

Interest in black holes was rekindled in 1967 because of theoretical and experimental progress. In 1970, Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose proved that black holes are a generic feature in Einstein's theory of gravity, and cannot be avoided in some collapsing objects.[1] Interest was renewed in the astronomical community with the discovery of pulsars. Shortly thereafter, the expression "black hole" was coined by theoretical physicist John Wheeler,[8] being first used in his public lecture Our Universe: the Known and Unknown on 29 December 1967. The older Newtonian objects of Michell and Laplace are often referred to as "dark stars" to distinguish them from the "black holes" of general relativity.

Answer 2

If a black hole could exist it would be an anomaly among celestial bodies. It would have no maximum size.
As a large body{2solar masses]shrinks the surface gravity increases,as it approaches a diameter of approx.3 km the surface gravity becomes so strong that the escape velocity equals the speed of light.
No light could escape the surface so it would be black.
The logic that produces a black hole is elegant and convincing.
Many prominent scientists accept them as real yet there is absolutely no proof that they exist.
Some one may look like a goof if they denied their existence, then proof of there existence was suddenly produced.
I can mount a good argument against them,which I won't go into right now.
But consider,with any celestial body,including black holes,the mass and gravity is concentrated at the center.
I f you penetrate the surface some of the mass and gravity is now between you and the surface,and the orbital velocity at any point diminishes.
With a black hole,if you penetrate the event horizon the mass and gravity is still concentrated at the center.
This would mandate that the orbital velocity at that point would greater than the speed of light.
Think about it.

Answer 3

A Black Hole, or collapsar, or frozen star, is a star that has died and undergone a strange transformation; It has collapsed into titself in such a way as to have such dense gravity it prevents anything from ever leaving its pull, even light- Hence the name Black Hole.

Though long thought of as possible, it was not untl the mid 1980s that the best evidence of an existing Black hole was found in the Cygnus constellation - A star was orited by a close companion that was not visible, and seemed to be drawng in mass from the star and producing nothing but X-ryas and Gamma radiation from the accelrated matter of the main star. After some debate and measurement, it was finally determined that thsi object called Cygnus X-1 was most probably a small Black hole.

Others do exist: the trouble is detecting them. The only energies that escape them are faint levels or infra red or gamma radiation, unless massive objects such as other stars come nera them.

Answer 4

The classic explanation for black hole birth describes an incredibly explosive and luminous event. A massive star explodes, then implodes, hovers a while, then collapses into an incredibly small region of stunning density. But new observations revealed today suggest some black holes are born in the dark without any noisy fanfare.

Nobody can see black holes. By definition, their gravitational clutches are so powerful that matter and light cannot escape. Astronomers study them by examining what's emitted from their surroundings as matter spirals inward and is superheated, producing X-rays, visible light, radio waves and more.

In the standard model, a stellar black hole -- containing the mass of a handful or even a few dozens suns -- forms after an exploded star first collapses into a neutron star, explained Felix Mirabel of the French Service d'Astrophysique and Instituto de Astronomía Físcia del Espacio in Buenos Aires. The neutron star is very dense, but not as dense as a black hole. It is unstable, however, and leads to the formation of a black hole.

Mirabel recently found evidence for this standard model in a runaway black hole, an object shooting across the galaxy, and one he figures was launched by the supernova of its birthplace. But until now there was no evidence black holes are created without associated supernova.

Mirabel and his colleague, Irapuan Rodrigues, say they found this evidence in a black hole named Cygnus X-1.

"We propose that the way this black hole formed is different," Mirabel told SPACE.com. "The massive stellar progenitor imploded, that is it collapsed and formed the black hole directly, without launching matter and light far away. There was no luminous explosion for an external observer when it formed."

The conclusion results from speculation of the environment of the black hole's birth based on an examination of massive stars in the region today and how Cygnus X-1 moves in relation to the other stars.

The progenitor star was about 40 times the mass of the Sun, the researchers write in paper published today in the online version of the journal Science. The resultant black hole contains about 10 solar masses. The researchers say this setup could not have involved the sudden expulsion of more than about 1 solar mass of material, which is much less than supernovae are known to cough up.
"The observations suggest that high-mass stellar black holes may form promptly, when massive stars disappear silently," they write.

Answer 5

Very real. From what I understand there are tons of black holes in space and they say that they will be increasing in time. Not sure if that has anything to do with global warming or not though. Looks like space being sucked into a hole as water spins in circles down a drain.

Answer 6

Black holes are places where ordinary gravity has become so extreme that it overwhelms all other forces in the Universe. Once inside, nothing can escape a black hole's gravity — not even light.

Yet we know that black holes exist. We know how they are born, where they occur, and why they exist in different sizes. We even know what would happen if you fell into one. Our discoveries have revealed one of the strangest objects in the Universe, and there's still much we don't know.

The nearest black hole is many lightyears away, so we don't have to worry about threats to the Earth. This is as close as you'll ever get to one.

Answer 7

A black hole is an object predicted by general relativity,with a gravitational field so powerful that even electromagnetic radiation (such as light) cannot escape its pull.

A black hole is defined to be a region of space-time where escape to the outside universe is impossible. The outer boundary of this region is called the event horizon. Nothing can move from inside the event horizon to the outside, even briefly, due to the extreme gravitational field existing within the region. For the same reason, observers outside the event horizon cannot see any events which may be happening within the event horizon; thus any energy being radiated or events happening within the region are forever unable to be seen or detected from outside. Within the black hole is a singularity, an anomalous place where matter is compressed to the degree that the known laws of physics no longer apply to it.

Theoretically, a black hole can be of any size. Astrophysicists expect to find black holes with masses ranging between roughly the mass of the Sun ("stellar-mass" black holes) to many millions of times the mass of the Sun (supermassive black holes).

The existence of black holes in the universe is well supported by astronomical observation, particularly from studying X-ray emission from X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei. It has also been hypothesized that black holes radiate an undetectably small amount of energy due to quantum mechanical effects. This is called Hawking radiation.

Answer 8

Black Holes exist and a number of them have been found. They are the last stage of a star's life. They are called black holes, because due to their density and mass, they produce a very intense gravitational field, from which not even light can escape. So they look black.

Answer 9

"really exist?" As in, so real that nothing is not? ok.
Consider what is on the other side of our known universe; Nothing. How does one understand Nothing? If Nothing escapes a black hole then what? Would this mean that Nothing is scraping the edge of a thinner than normal piece of our universe because of some galactic event and that because of this a little bit of Nothing becomes, Something? It just may be.

Answer 10

We have heard of super Novas. An explosion of a star causing massive energy fields.
Certain energy fields , so emerge so strong that even electro magnetic waves, light rays are pulled to the epi centre that a totally dark space area appears.
Anything that enters this space horizon, can not be influenced by any other force or energy of any sort and hence it remains within this high energy field of black hole and cannot be seen by any external means. Modern science have developed devices to know what happens to these black holes and study reports are available..

Answer 11

yea they do!

black holes are products of super novas. Super novas are stars that just exploded. So basically, when a star dies, they became black holes. There is a theory that when the sun dies, it will become a black hole and the planets near it, including earth, will be pulled inside it.