I need help with biology!!!!?

Question

1. How are bacterial cells adapted to live in a hypotonic enviorment?

2. How are amoebas adapted to live in hypotonic enviorments?

3. Your neighbor is pulling up mushrooms that are growing in his lawn. He tells you that he heard mushrooms won't come back again if they are quickly removed. What would you tell him?

Answer 1

3. If you look under the microscope at mushrooms or many types of fungi, you would see that they are comprised of many, tiny connected strings. As long as there are nutrients, water, a lack of sunlight and oxygen available in the surrounding area, (aerobic) fungi multiply very quickly. It would not matter how quickly your neighbor pulled up the mushrooms in his lawn. Some of the fungi particles would remain in his grass and could theoretically grow into another mushroom.

Answer 2

See if you can determine the answer from this information:
a hypotonic solution has the lower osmotic pressure of two fluids and also describes a cell environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell. In a hypotonic environment, osmosis causes a net flow of water into the cell, causing swelling and expansion. This swelling can cause the cell to burst.

Most bacteria require an isotonic environment (def) or a hypotonic environment (def) for optimum growth. Organisms that can grow at relatively high salt concentration (up tp 10%) are said to be osmotolerant (def). Those that require relatively high salt concentrations for growth, like some of the Archea that require sodium chloride concentrations of 20 % or higher halophiles (def).


Solutions and cell environments are also described, in terms of osmotic pressure, as being either hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic.

Plants thrive in hypotonic environments. Their cells have rigid cell walls that prevents bursting, or lysis. The pressure of the cytoplasm against the cell wall keeps the plant from wilting and losing its shape. This pressure is called turgor pressure or osmotic pressure. On the other hand, cells without cell walls will swell and, if the environment is sufficiently hypotonic, burst (lyse) and die (referred to as cytolysis).

Some protists (such as Paramecium) counteract this with the use of contractile vacuoles that pump water rapidly out of the cell. Other organisms actually eject solutes from the cell in order to lower the concentration gradient of the solute in the cell and hopefully create an isotonic environment.

Mushrooms
The part of a mushroom that we see aboveground is its "fruit" and may contain thousands of tiny seeds called spores. Each spore grows a threadlike root when it falls to the ground, and the roots from many spores weave a huge underground web. Whenever two roots from different spores meet, they can join to make a new mushroom.

To get rid of your mushrooms, you'd have to remove all the dirt that contains either roots or spores. (By the way, you may be spreading both when you shovel them 'shrooms.')

Even if you found a poison that would wipe out this batch of mushrooms, airborne spores of the same species (or another species) could easily grow more mushrooms in the same spot as long as conditions are favorable.

Your best long-term solutions? Change the environment or build a garden around the mushrooms. The latter might be easier, so let's start with it.

Answer 3

I am not sure about mushrooms, but I know a bit about homeostasis

All organisms with a semipermeable membrane are subject to osmotic pressure, or the effect of water moving in and out of the cell. Bacteria have a cell bmembrane and a cell wall. Bacteria must live in an aqueous (watery) environment. Most often this is a hypotonic environment, in other words, the concentration of water outside the cell is greater than the concentration of water inside the cell. This causes the net movement of more water into the cell than outside. If the bacterium did not have a cell wall, this could
cause the cell to burst. (In fact, many antibiotics work by causing an ineffective cell wall to be made, which allows the bacterial cell to burst under water pressure).

On the other hand, freshwater protozoans (including Amoeba, ciliates, and Euglena) reduce the pressure by pumping out extra water with their contractile vacuoles, expending hard-won food energy (obtained form outside their bodies).