Types of marketing strategies
Every marketing strategy is unique, but if we abstract from the individualizing details, each can be reduced into a generic marketing strategy. There are a number of ways of categorizing these generic strategies. A brief description of the most common categorizing schemes is presented below:
Strategies based on market dominance - In this scheme, firms are classified based on their market share or dominance of an industry. Typically there are four types of market dominance strategies:
Leader
Challenger
Follower
Porter generic strategies - strategy on the dimensions of strategic scope and strategic strength. Strategic scope refers to the market penetration while strategic strength refers to the firm’s sustainable competitive advantage.
Cost leadership
Product differentiation
Market segmentation
Innovation strategies - This deals with the firm's rate of the new product development and business model innovation. It asks whether the company is on the cutting edge of technology and business innovation. There are three types:
Pioneers
Close followers
Late followers
Growth strategies - In this scheme we ask the question, “How should the firm grow?”. There are a number of different ways of answering that question, but the most common gives four answers:
Horizontal integration
Vertical integration
Diversification (strategy)|Diversification
Intensification
A more detailed schemes uses the categories:
Prospector
Analyzer
Defender
Reactor
Marketing warfare strategies|Warfare based strategies- This scheme draws parallels between marketing strategies and military strategies.
[edit] Strategic Marketing Models
Marketing participants often employ strategic models and tools to analyze marketing decisions. When beginning a strategic analysis, the 3C's can be employed to get a broad understanding of the strategic environment. An Ansoff Matrix is also often used to convey an organization's strategic positioning of their marketing mix. The 4P's can then be utilized to form a marketing plan to pursue a defined strategy.
[edit] Marketing Practice
In practice, as opposed to theory, research has indicated that the outstanding problems facing marketers lie in the use of specific functions. Most senior managements have committed to the philosophy, even though their junior managers may be cynical about the degree of that commitment. Unfortunately, there is little evidence to show that this new-found belief has led to positive action. Indeed, if we look at the marketing activities they do subscribe to, using the 4Ps framework say, there is little evidence that marketing practice (as opposed to the theory) has been widely embraced. In particular, pricing is largely on a cost-plus or competitive basis, promotional budgets are small (and spent more on sales promotion than advertising or PR), 'place' is - in any case - not relevant, and marketing research is almost all second-hand.
[edit] Coarse Marketing
The marketer, real life, does not face each decision with a copy of a text-book in his or her hand - ready to work through the various lessons. The marketer starts with a quite specific environment; which will immediately limit the range of factors to be explored to a small subset of the literally hundreds explored in this book. To the perceptive marketer the range of options to be explored will usually be obvious. Beyond this, the position will be further constrained by the resources available to deal with them.For instance, theory always says that the first step is marketing research, but if your competitor has just made a major change in strategy you may have just days to react - where research may take months.
Real-life marketing primarily revolves around the application of a great deal of common-sense; dealing with a limited number of factors, in an environment of imperfect information and limited resources complicated by uncertainty and tight timescales. Use of classical marketing techniques, in these circumstances, is inevitably partial and uneven.
Thus, for example, new products will emerge from irrational processes and the rational development process may be used (if at all) to screen out the worst non-runners. The design of the advertising, and the packaging, will be the output of the creative minds employed; which management will then screen, often by 'gut-reaction', to ensure that it is reasonable.
Indeed, the most successful marketer is often the one who trains his or her 'gut-reaction' to simulate that of the average customer!
For most of his or her time the marketing manager is likely to be using his or her considerable intelligence to analyze and handle the complex, and unique, situations being faced; without easy reference to theory. This will often be 'flying by the seat of the pants', or 'gut-reaction'; where the overall strategy, coupled with the knowledge of the customer which has been absorbed almost by a process of osmosis, will determine the quality of the marketing employed!
This, almost instinctive management, is what is sometimes called 'coarse marketing'; to distinguish it from the refined, aesthetically pleasing, form favored by the theorists. It is often relatively crude and would, if given in answer to a business school examination, be judged a failure of marketing. On the other hand, it is the real-life world of most marketing!
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketing_strategy"
2007-03-13 21:42:28
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answer #1
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answered by Ian 2
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Being interior the merchandising and marketing group in a generating industry we define strategic merchandising and marketing as follows: define why some thing is strategic to the enterprise~: - that's emergent industry, greater effective profitability, on the brink of production website subsequently much less transportation expenditures. as quickly as we've made a strategic determination we then strengthen a merchandising and marketing approach e.g: Emergent industry - China - we strengthen a a plan on how we can domesticate family and injury into that industry - this suggests preliminary visits; understand of cultural ameliorations; beginning an place of work - on the generating edge - we be sure we additionally strengthen a plan for greater effective production potential (can we open a facility hotel China?); strengthen furnish chain initiatives to get the products to the shopper as quickly as orders come into place etc etc. The making plans edge additionally provides a timeline and funds for all the events which would be taken - this then keeps the all project interior of given constraints and likewise video demonstrate instruments fulfillment of approach - it is going to additionally incorporate a no turn decrease back line - i.e as quickly as that has been breached there is not any turning decrease back
2016-10-02 02:21:18
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answer #2
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answered by ? 4
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Small Business Marketing Strategy: Target the up-and-coming search engines
While Google still rules the roost when it comes to Internet search engines, and Yahoo is firmly entrenched in second spot, a number of new start-ups are hoping to give them a run for their money. And a good small business marketing strategy would be to check them out and see how you can make them work for your site!
Some of the new up-and-comers include:
Powerset : A "natural language" search engine
Hakia : A "meaning-based" search engine
Wikia : A "community-based" search engine
ChaCha : A "social networking-based" search engine
Snap : A search engine that offers visual previews
It's a smart small business marketing strategy to continue optimizing for the Google, Yahoo, and MSN search engines as they are by far and away the most popular -- but niche search engines could provide new opportunities to reach your market. Be sure to check them out!
2007-03-14 03:23:44
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answer #3
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answered by answer 3
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