Where can I download for free a journal on the topic : Externalities under public finance?

Answer 1

There are lots of places:
Buchanan, James M., "Public Finance and Public Choice," National Tax Journal, Vol 28, No. 4, December, 1975.

Buchanan, James M., Public Finance in Democratic Process Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1967.

Buchanan, James M., "Constitutional Economics," in J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman (ed.) The New Palgrave: a Dictionary of Economics, London: Macmillan, 1987, reprinted in Buchanan's Explorations into Constitutional Economics, College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 1989.


Buchanan, James M. and Wm. Craig Stubblebine, "Externality," Economica, November 1962.



Clark, John Bates, The Distribution of Wealth: A Theory of Wages, Interest and Profits, New York: Macmillan, 1899



Coase, R.H., "The Problem of Social Cost," The Journal of Law and Economics, October 1960, reprinted in W. Breit and M. Hochman Readings in Microeconomics, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971, also reprinted in R. H. Coase,The Firm, the Market, and the Law, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1988.



Davenport, Herbert J., Economics of Enterprise, New York: Macmillan, 1914.



Demsetz, Harold, "Some Aspects of Property Rights," Journal of Law and Economics, October, 1966.



Theory of Externalities



.....Public finance economists are naturally interested in arguments that a government can make a positive contribution to the wealth of a society. Two general categories of cases have been studied: the regulation of externalities and the supply of public goods.[7] Each is considered in turn.



.....The theory of externalities refers mainly to negative externalities. Examples are the friction of trains on tracks causing fires and smokestacks spewing dirty air. The economic theory of externalities developed largely out of the partial equilibrium microeconomics of British economist Alfred Marshall. Basically, it consisted of identifying the subjectively determined value of the external cost and then suggesting a type of tax that would force the producer of the externality to take the external cost into account in his profit calculations. Marshall's economics textbook (1890) was the standard in British economics for about forty years. Its ideas relating specifically to externalities were extended by A. C. Pigou (1912, 1920), Marshall's successor at Cambridge.



.....The British partial equilibrium approach is still the standard in introductory textbooks, although there has been a steady decrease in its importance. The reason for the change is the radical transformation in the way the economics profession came to view externalities. The major impetus for the change was the publication of Coase's famous paper (1960). This paper emphasized that the problem of externalities was basically a problem of the absence of property rights.[8] It showed that if property rights can be costlessly defined and enforced, there would be no negative externality problem other than that of searching out and making the necessary transactions to internalize the externality.



.....The subsequent development of the theory of property rights[9] effectively challenged the Marshallian-Pigouvian procedure of suggesting tax and subsidy remedies for situations in which externalities were present. It led economists to focus on the entrepreneurship entailed in creating and redistributing property rights. The emphasis on entrepreneurship is the hallmark of the new subjectivism. For this reason, the British approach to externalities, which overlooked entrepreneurship, can be regarded as incomplete.



.....Special cases of negative externalities are those that effect many individuals at the same time. These are sometimes called collective externalities or public bads. The theory of such externalities bears some resemblance to the theory of public goods, which is discussed below.

Answer 2

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Answer 3

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