Adventures of Huck Finn?

Question

what makes this book a good peice of literature America's "classical" book?

Answer 1

It really demonstrates in an amusing way the different views of society at that time towards various things; for instance, slavery.

Answer 2

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Answer 3

One thing is its great mixture of humor and tragedy:
"Mark Twain's classic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, tells the story of a teenaged misfit who finds himself floating on a raft down the Mississippi River with an escaping slave, Jim. In the course of their perilous journey, Huck and Jim meet adventure, danger, and a cast of characters who are sometimes menacing and often hilarious.
Though some of the situations in Huckleberry Finn are funny in themselves (the ******** Shakespeare production in Chapter 21 leaps instantly to mind), this book's humor is found mostly in Huck's unique worldview and his way of expressing himself. Describing his brief sojourn with the Widow Douglas after she adopts him, Huck says: "After supper she got out her book and learned me about Moses and the Bulrushers, and I was in a sweat to find out all about him; but by and by she let it out that Moses had been dead a considerable long time; so then I didn't care no more about him, because I don't take no stock in dead people." Underlying Twain's good humor is a dark subcurrent of Antebellum cruelty and injustice that makes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a frequently funny book with a serious message."

Another is its themes:

Family is one of the most important themes in the book. The attempt by Huck's father to gain custody of him in order to steal the money that Huck and Tom had found in the previous book precipitates his flight, Huck stages his own murder to get away. One of the major plot devices in the book is Jim's hiding the death of Huck's father from him. As they travel the river, Huck is frequently involved with families who attempt to adopt him.
Another theme is the life on the Mississippi River, alternately idyllic and threatening. In true picaresque fashion, Huck and Jim encounter all the varieties of humanity as they travel: murderers, thieves, confidence men, good people and hypocrites.
In the middle of the story, Mark Twain comments on the irrationality of pride and honor, as Huck sees brutal, cold-blooded murders committed by two feuding families. Later on, a Southern aristocrat coldly kills a drunken man who has been yelling empty threats at him, and the village turns the incident into a sort of circus, ignoring the dead man's daughter while trying to start a lynch mob, which quickly disintegrates after being mocked by the murderer himself. The "Dauphin" and the "Duke", two seemingly-innocuous (in some ways) confidence men are infamous characters of the novel who attempt to con three orphaned girls out of their late father's life savings. Towards the end of the book, they are tarred and feathered, and carried out of town on a rail, symbolizing how equally or more evil a village of people can be, given the magnitude of the response relative to that of the suspected crime.
Much of the section detailing the feud between the Grangerfords and the Shepherdsons can be interpreted as an attack on exaggerated or melodramatic romanticism. The poem "Ode to Stephen Dowling Bots" by Emmeline Grangerford, two-thirds of which details what Stephen Dowling Bots did not die of, is an example. The whole Grangerford parlor was filled with kitsch. Also, Emmeline Gragerford's paintings, which had titles that all ended in "Alas", were also a parody of this. Emmeline Grangerford was modeled after Julia A. Moore, a notoriously bad poet known as "The Sweet Singer of Michigan".
It is commonly said that the beginning and ending of the book, the parts in which Tom Sawyer appears as a character, detract from its overall impact. Others feel Tom serves to start the story off and to bring it to a conclusion, and that Tom's ridiculous schemes have the paradoxical effect of providing a framework of 'reality' around the mythical river voyage. Much of the boyhood innocence and romantic depictions of nature occur in the first sixteen chapters and the last five, while the middle of the story shows the harsh realities of antebellum society.
Another theme is Huck's gradual acceptance of Jim as a man, strong, brave, generous, and wise (though realistically portrayed as imperfect).
Its themes on religion are almost as strong as its race theme. Huck himself comes across as religious but having trouble believing in God: although he tries to pray, he finds it to be a waste of time. Later in the book, he encounters the dilemma of whether or not to steal Jim out of slavery; he is forced to reckon with the fact that, according to his society, helping a slave escape will condemn him to Hell. His famous quote "All right, then, I'll GO to hell", is a direct attack by Twain on the religious support of slavery in the U.S. Huck comes across as one of the most unbiased, open-minded characters of popular literature as he continually questions his own motivation and life in general throughout the book. While he may not be pious, he does have a strong sense of right and wrong and often acts out of moral conviction.
In another amusing commentary on 19th century society, Twain includes the "Dauphin" character, a deluded, unemployed drunkard who insists upon being addressed as "Your Majesty" and claims to be the "Lost Dauphin", the long-lost son of Louis XVI and Queen Marie-Antoinette, who were both executed by French republicans in 1793. Their son, Louis XVII, actually died in a republican jail in 1795, but many pretenders appeared all over the world claiming to have been the young boy-king of France. By the middle of the century their claims were becoming increasingly absurd and unbelievable."

Its characters:

Huckleberry Finn is the central character and storyteller in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. He is thirteen and the son of a drunken father. They live in St. Petersburg, Missouri, on the banks of the Mississippi River. Huck, as he is known, often is abandoned by or runs away from his father and has to survive on his own. Although he is unschooled, he is intelligent and opinionated about society and the rules others expect him to live by. His opinions are often anti-establishment, but he can be influenced to change them by his friends and life experiences.
Tom Sawyer is Huck’s friend. Tom is creative, bossy, and loves to re-create crazy adventures found in novels. Tom’s solid belief in the truth of these novels causes him to do stupid, sometimes cruel things. Tom totally believes in and tries to follow society’s rules, which Huck thinks is ridiculous and refuses to do.
The Widow Douglas and Miss Watson are two rich sisters who live together and adopt Huck. Miss Watson represents hypocritical religious and ethical beliefs, while the Widow Douglas is a bit more open-minded and more patient with Huck. Huck feels bad when he can’t live up to the Widow Douglas’ expectations, but often he doesn’t see any sense in doing so.
Jim is one of the sisters’ slaves. He is superstitious, intelligent, practical, and often degraded by other characters in the novel. Jim is unselfish and loves his family (from whom he is separated), Huck, and Tom. Jim, a black man and runaway slave, teaches Huck that compassion isn’t found only in the white race.
Pap is Huck’s father, the town’s drunken bum. He is illiterate and beats Huck regularly, especially for going to school. Pap is the worst kind of family and represents the worst that society has to offer.
The duke, age 30, and the dauphin, age 70, are a couple of con men rescued by Huck and Jim as they are run out of a river town. They join Huck and Jim on their raft. The dauphin swears he is the son of King Louis XVI and heir to the throne of France. The duke claims to be the Duke of Bridgewater. Huck and Jim know that these two are swindlers, but can’t do much about them since Huck is so young and Jim is a runaway slave.
Judge Thatcher, a local magistrate, also cares for Huck and is responsible for the money Huck and Tom found in the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. When Pap shows up, Huck signs his money over to the judge, who vows to keep it for him. In this book, the judge’s daughter, Becky, is called Bessie.
The Grangerfords are a family who befriend Huck and offer him a place to stay after a steamboat hits his raft. They are involved in a feud with another family, the Shepherdsons, which eventually gets many of them killed. The author uses these families for humorous relief and to poke fun at overdone family honor.
The Wilks family is made up of three sisters, who are rich, kind, and vulnerable. When the duke and dauphin learn that the girls’ father, Peter, has died, they claim to be Peter’s two brothers from England, in order to claim an inheritance. This is one of the duke and dauphin’s cruel attempts to swindle innocent people.
Silas Phelps and Sally Phelps are Tom Sawyer’s aunt and uncle, whom Huck finds in his search for Jim after the con men sell him. They hold Jim and try to return him to his owner. Huck can’t stand their “sivilizing” attempts.
Aunt Polly is Tom Sawyer’s aunt and Sally Phelps’s sister. Aunt Polly identifies Huck and Tom at the end of the story, after Huck claims to be Tom and Tom claims to be his brother, Sid."


Its language, satire and controversy:

"Although the Concord, Massachusetts library banned the book immediately after its publication because of its "tawdry subject matter" and "the coarse, ignorant language in which it was narrated", the San Francisco Chronicle came quickly to its defense on March 29, 1885:
"Running all through the book is the sharpest satire on the ante-bellum estimate of the slave. Huckleberry Finn, the son of a worthless, drunken, poor white man, is troubled with many qualms of conscience because of the part he is taking in helping the ***** to gain his freedom. This has been called exaggerated by some critics, but there is nothing truer in the book."
There have been countless attempts to "clean-up" the language in the book - all dismal failures. CBS Television went so far as to produce a made-for-TV version of Huck Finn that included no black cast members, no mention of slavery, and without the critical character Jim.
In the United States, occasional efforts have been made to restrict the reading of the book. In addition to its Concord ban, it has, at various times, also been:
excluded from the juvenile sections of the Brooklyn Public library and other libraries
removed from reading lists due to alleged racism (e.g., in March of 1995 it was removed from the reading list of 10th grade English classes at National Cathedral School in Washington, DC, according to the Washington Post; and a New Haven, Connecticut correspondent to Banned Books Online reports it has been removed from a public school program there as well)
removed from school programs at the behest of groups maintaining that its frequent use of the word ****** (212 times overall) implies that the book as a whole is racist, despite what defenders maintain is the overwhelmingly anti-racist plot of the book, its satirical nature, and the anachronism of applying current definitions of polite speech to past times.
removed from public and school libraries because of its "racist" plot.
Russell Baker wrote:
"The people whom Huck and Jim encounter on the Mississippi are drunkards, murderers, bullies, swindlers, lynches, thieves, liars, frauds, child abusers, numbskulls, hypocrites, windbags and traders in human flesh. All are white. The one man of honor in this phantasmagoria is '****** Jim,' as Twain called him to emphasize the irony of a society in which the only true gentleman was held beneath contempt."[5]
Ralph Ellison was impressed with how clearly Twain allowed Jim's "dignity and human capacity" to emerge in the novel. According to Ellison,
"Huckleberry Finn knew, as did Mark Twain, that Jim was not only a slave but a human being [and] a symbol of humanity . . . and in freeing Jim, Huck makes a bid to free himself of the conventionalized evil [i.e., slavery] taken for civilization by the town." [6]
Albert Bigelow Paine's 1912 Twain biography marks the first use of the term "****** Jim," a phrase not attributed to Clemens, causing its rise in usage in short-hand descriptions of the character in critical essays.
The American Library Association ranked Huckleberry Finn the fifth most frequently challenged (in the sense of attempting to ban) book in the United States during the 1990s.
A character in the 1969 Nero Wolfe novel Death of a Dude by Rex Stout opines that "All right, then, I'll go to hell," Huck's pronouncement on his own fate for his decision to help Jim escape, cited above, is the single greatest sentence in American literature.
Bill Walsh wrote:
"Huck Finn was (and probably will remain) a lesson in the use of language, of epithets, of slurs and how they can change (or not) over time."