What is cervical cancer?
Cervical cancer is the rapid, uncontrolled growth of severely abnormal cells on the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Fortunately, when detected at an early stage, cervical cancer is highly curable. Pap test screening, when done regularly, is the single most important tool for preventing cervical cancer because it can detect abnormal cervical cell changes before they become cancerous, when treatment is most effective.
There are two main types of cervical cancer: squamous cell (epidermoid) cervical cancer and adenocarcinoma cervical cancer. About 75% of all cervical cancer is squamous cell cancer.1
What causes cervical cancer?
The cervix is made up of two kinds of cells: columnar cells and squamous cells. Columnar cells constantly change into squamous cells in an area of the cervix called the transformation zone. As a result of this natural process of change, some cervical cells can become abnormal. Infection can also cause abnormal cervical cell changes. When abnormal cell changes persist over time (years) and become severe, these cells may develop into cervical cancer.
What are the symptoms?
Since abnormal cervical cell changes rarely cause symptoms, it is important for you to have regular Pap test screening. If untreated cervical cell changes progress to cervical cancer, symptoms may develop. Symptoms of cervical cancer may include:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding or a significant unexplained change in your menstrual cycle.
Bleeding when something comes in contact with your cervix, such as during sexual intercourse or the insertion of a diaphragm.
Pain during sexual intercourse.
Abnormal vaginal discharge containing mucus that may be tinged with blood.
What increases my risk for cervical cancer?
Abnormal cervical cell changes are often the result of high-risk sexual behaviors years earlier. These behaviors include having unprotected sex (not using condoms), having multiple sex partners, or having a partner who has had multiple partners. These behaviors increase your risk of infections and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The most common cause of cervical cancer is infection with a high-risk type of the human papillomavirus (HPV). A past HPV infection in you or your partner can cause abnormal cervical cell changes later since the virus may remain in the body for life. Low-risk types of HPV cause genital warts, but other types may not cause any symptoms so you may not know you have had it.
Smoking (or a history of smoking) or having an impaired immune system may also increase your risk for cervical cell changes. The use of birth control pills for more than 5 years may be a risk factor related to infection with HPV.2
How is cervical cancer diagnosed?
As part of your routine gynecological exam, you should have a Pap test. If a Pap test indicates abnormal cell changes, further tests, such as a colposcopy or cervical biopsy, will be done to diagnose whether there are precancerous or cancerous changes present on your cervix.
You may also be diagnosed because of your specific symptoms, such as abnormal bleeding after sexual intercourse, but a biopsy will still be needed.
If cervical cancer is present, your doctor will determine the stage of your cancer by gathering information from a variety of tests, including blood tests, bone scans, and X-rays. The stage of your cancer, which identifies its size and how much it has spread, is one of the most important factors in selecting the treatment option that is right for you.
How is it treated?
Cervical cancer in its early stages can be cured with treatment and close follow-up. Your treatment choices depend on:
The stage of your cancer.
Your age and your desire to be able to have children. If the cancer is discovered very early, a cone biopsy may be a treatment choice that may not affect your ability to have children.
Treatment for later stages of cervical cancer is more extensive to remove the cancer and will likely take away your ability to have children. More extensive treatment may include:
A modified radical hysterectomy and removal of pelvic lymph nodes with or without removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Radiation therapy.
Chemotherapy.
A combination of these treatments or a specific sequence, such as surgery before radiation or chemotherapy along with radiation, may be recommended as the most effective treatment for the best possible outcome.
Women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) will usually have cervical cell changes that have progressed to a more advanced stage of cervical cancer.
2007-03-08 23:23:37
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answer #1
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answered by S. 1
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The symptoms of cervical cancer won't be obvious until it's almost too late. Cervical cancer takes a long time to develop, in fact up to 10 years. It is mostly caused by a very common STD called HPV, a form of genital warts on the cervix. Most of the time the body naturally heals itself of the virus, sometimes it continues to grow. Women are encouraged to have pap smears every 2 years or so to check for signs of abnormal growth. Anything abnormal will be cleaned off the cervix and you should be fine. The most important thing to remember is GET A REGULAR PAP SMEAR! Not so many women die anymore because of pap smear testing catching it very early. Hope this helps.
2007-03-08 23:18:44
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answer #2
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answered by RD 3
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hi, yes cervical cancer can kill a person if it is left untreated for a long period without treatment. i am a survivor of cervical cancer as well as both my sister's. it has not stopped neither one of us living our life's we have all had children after treatment but we where also lucky cos we had a pap-smear every year, which they where able to detect abnormal cells in the early stage & treatment started straight away. if you are worried talk to you doctor about it. i hope this helped.
2007-03-08 23:07:31
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answer #3
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answered by pipie1002 1
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Yes, it can be fatal especially if not caught early enough. If you are the one that is wondering if you might have it pls talk to your dr about it. If it's a friend pls tell her to talk to her dr about this issue.
2007-03-08 23:02:01
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answer #4
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answered by sokokl 7
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It can be fatal, you should ask a REAL doctor about these things; not Yahoo! answers...
My sister had it a number of years ago. She is fine now, cannot have children though.
2007-03-08 23:00:18
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answer #5
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answered by aisha_rulz 2
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Baby hardly anyone dies from that any more. You will be OK
2007-03-08 23:00:56
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answer #6
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answered by Anonymous
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