Audrey Hepburn (May 4, 1929 – January 20, 1993) was an Academy Award-winning Dutch-British actress of film and theatre, Broadway stage performer, ballerina, fashion model, and humanitarian.
Raised under Nazi rule in Arnhem, Netherlands during World War II, Hepburn trained extensively to become a ballerina, before deciding to pursue acting. She first gained notice for her starring role in the Broadway production of Gigi (1951). She was then cast in Roman Holiday (1953) as Princess Ann, the role for which she won an Academy Award. She was one of the leading Hollywood actresses during the 1950s and 1960s and received four more Academy Award nominations, including one for her iconic performance as Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961). In 1964, she played Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady, the critically acclaimed film adaptation of the play.
From 1988 until her death in 1993, she served as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador and was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her work. In 1999, she was ranked as the third greatest female star of all time by the American Film Institute
[edit] Early life
Born Audrey Kathleen Ruston[1] in Ixelles, a municipality in Brussels, Belgium, she was the only child of Joseph Victor Anthony Ruston,[2] an Englishman[2] and his second wife, the former Baroness Ella van Heemstra, a Dutch aristocrat who was a daughter of a former governor of Dutch Guiana.[2] The future actress's father later appended the surname of his maternal grandmother Kathleen Hepburn to the family's, and her surname became Hepburn-Ruston.[2] She had two half-brothers, Jonkheer Arnoud Robert Alexander "Alex" Quarles van Ufford[2] and Jonkheer Ian Edgar Bruce Quarles van Ufford,[2] by her mother's first marriage to a Dutch nobleman, Jonkheer Hendrik Gustaaf Adolf Quarles van Ufford.[2] She was a descendant of King Edward III of England[3] and James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell,[2] from whom Katharine Hepburn may have also descended.[4]
Early career
In 1945, after the war, Hepburn left the Arnhem Conservatory and moved to Amsterdam, where she took ballet lessons with Sonia Gaskell.[15] In 1948, Hepburn went to London and took dancing lessons with the renowned Marie Rambert, teacher of Vaslav Nijinsky, one of the greatest male dancers in history. Hepburn eventually asked Rambert about her future. Rambert assured her that she could continue to work there and have a great career, but that her height (5'7") coupled with her poor nutrition during the war would keep her from becoming a prima ballerina. Hepburn trusted Rambert's assessment and decided to pursue acting, a career in which she at least had a chance to excel.[16] After Hepburn became a star, Rambert said in an interview, "She was a wonderful learner. If she had wanted to persevere, she might have become an outstanding ballerina."[17] Unfortunately, Hepburn's mother was working menial jobs to support them. Hepburn had no money and needed to find a paying job. Since she had trained all her life to be a performer, acting seemed a sensible career. She said, "I needed the money; it paid ₤3 more than ballet jobs."[18]
Hollywood stardom
Hepburn in War and Peace (1956)After Roman Holiday she filmed Billy Wilder's Sabrina with Humphrey Bogart and William Holden. Hepburn was sent to fashion designer Givenchy to decide on her wardrobe. When told that "Miss Hepburn" was coming to see him, Givenchy famously expected to see Katharine Hepburn. He was not disappointed with Audrey, however, and they formed a lifelong friendship and partnership. During the filming of Sabrina, Hepburn and Holden became romantically involved and she hoped to marry him and have children. She broke off the relationship when Holden revealed that he had had a vasectomy.
Marriages, family, and later life
In the early 1950s she was engaged to the young James Hanson.[38] She called it "love at first sight;" however, after having her wedding dress fitted and the date set, she decided the marriage would not work, due to the demands of their careers that would keep them apart most of the time.[39] She had the wedding dress given to a poor Italian couple, who still have it today. [citation needed]
Hepburn married twice: to American actor Mel Ferrer and to an Italian doctor, Andrea Dotti, and had a son with each—Sean in 1960 by Ferrer, and Luca in 1970 by Dotti.
Before having their first child, Hepburn had two miscarriages, the first in March of 1955. In 1959, while filming The Unforgiven, she broke her back after falling off a horse onto a rock. She spent weeks in the hospital and later had a miscarriage that was said to have been induced by physical and mental stress. While she was resting at home, Mel Ferrer brought her the fawn from the movie Green Mansions to keep as a pet. They called him Ip, short for Pippin. In 1965, she had another miscarriage. Hepburn was much more careful when she was pregnant with Luca in 1969; she rested for months and passed the time by painting before delivering Luca by caesarean section. Hepburn had her final miscarriage in 1974.
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