What is the nature of Ozone layer and ...?

Question

Why does this layer has holes on certain places above the earth (like in Australia and some other countries), and if this Ozone layer is a gaseous layer or something like this, how come it is turning a certain spin and does not merge together?

Answer 1

There is no hole in the ozone layer over Australia and there never has been. Ozone is created and destroyed in the lower mesosphere and upper stratosphere by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen. In the process, some of the UV is absorbed.

Over Antarctica in the late winter and early spring(and to a lesser extent over the Arctic) chlorine in stratospheric clouds has a greater affinity for free atoms of oxygen than oxygen molecues do and so instead of O3 being created, you get ClO. This depletes the amount of ozone over Antarctica.

As summer progresses, the polar night vortex, a stratospheric circumpolar jet stream breaks down and some of the ozone depleted air moves to lower latitudes. It has been seen over southern South America and once or twice it has reached Tasmania, Australia's most southerly State. The ozone depletion is restored by the further action of UV radiation on oxygen.

Australia does not have ozone depleted air anywhere near it except on rare occasions as explained. Australia is a tropical/sub tropical country and gets a lot of solar radiation which is why it has high UV levels. This is due to latitude not ozone depletion.

Answer 2

ozone has holes because of global warming