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In the Calvin Cycle, some of the oxygen from carbon dioxide molecules is released and bound into glucose molecules.
True or False?????

2007-03-02 04:43:22 · 3 answers · asked by confidential 2 in Science & Mathematics Biology

3 answers

During photosynthesis, light energy is used to generate chemical free energy, stored in glucose. The light-independent Calvin cycle, also (misleadingly) known as the "dark reaction" or "dark stage", uses the energy from short-lived electronically-excited carriers to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds that can be used by the organism (and by animals which feed on it). This set of reactions is also called carbon fixation. The key enzyme of the cycle is called RuBisCO. In the following equations, the chemical species (phosphates and carboxylic acids) exist in equilibria among their various ionized states as governed by the pH.

The enzymes in the Calvin cycle are functionally equivalent to many enzymes used in other metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, but they are to be found in the chloroplast stroma instead of the cell cytoplasm, separating the reactions. They are activated in the light (which is why the name "dark reaction" is misleading), and also by products of the light-dependent reaction. These regulatory functions prevent the Calvin cycle from operating in reverse to respiration, which would create a continuous cycle of carbon dioxide being reduced to carbohydrates, and carbohydrates being respired to carbon dioxide. Energy (in the form of ATP) would be wasted in carrying out these reactions that have no net productivity.

The sum of reactions in the Calvin cycle is the following:

3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5 H2O + 9 ATP → C3H5O3-PO3 + 3 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi
It should be noted that hexose (six carbon) sugars are not a product of the Calvin cycle. Although many texts list a product of photosynthesis as C6H12O6, this is mainly a convenience to counter the equations of respiration, where six-carbon sugars are oxidized in mitochondria. The carbohydrate products of the Calvin Cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or "triose phosphates," specifically, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

2007-03-02 04:52:40 · answer #1 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

Glucose molecules are created from carbon dioxide and water molecules during the calvin cycle but I am not sure if that is what you mean

2007-03-02 04:51:42 · answer #2 · answered by SLH 4 · 0 0

6co2+12h20+ gentle--->c6h12o6+6o2+6h2o the sunshine reactions and the Calvin cycle cooperate in changing gentle potential to the chemical potential of foodT he gentle reactions interior the grana produce ATP and split water, liberating O2 and forming NADPH by potential of moving electrons from water to NADP+. The calvin cycle isn't a delicate based cycle 2 photosystems 2 etc and atp synthase Photosystem 11 from excited ecletrons and NDP+ makes NADPH comes first then the 1st etc thenphotosystem a million then etc 2 then interior the thylokiod compartment the hydrogen strikes in the direction of transforming into a concentration gradiet the hydrogen and o2 pass to then the build up H we could atp synthase use that potential to make atp and then ATP and NADPH are used interior the sugar making technique ot the calvin cycle.The Calvin cycle interior the stroma varieties sugar from CO2, making use of ATP for potential and NADPH for reducing potential.

2016-10-17 02:42:38 · answer #3 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

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