The Cheyenne spoke Algonquian (a link to the Lenni-Lenape), and originally lived in the region of the Great Lakes in what is now Minnesota.
The name they called themselves was "Tsistsistas", which means "beautiful people". It was the Sioux who named them "Cheyenne", meaning "red talkers", or "people of a different speech", because the Algonquian language was foreign to the ears of the people who spoke the
2007-03-01 04:31:46
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answer #1
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answered by Eden* 7
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In quiet reverence before the lodge fires, the old people of the Cheyenne recounted for their young, their sacred stories, the deeds of tribal culture, heros, and their tales of origin. Without written literature, the Cheyenne, like others, orally passed their customs, religious ceremonies, and traditions from generation to generation.
Nothing in the Cheyenne legends recalls migration to the North American Continent. Rather, it was believed that the first Cheyenne lived under ground and were led to the surface by one of their more adventuresome people, who, following a small source of light, discovered the world above them.
It is suspected the Cheyenne were originally from North of the Missouri River on a large lake. They occupied a region populated by the Algonquon speaking people. It is suspected they began their tribal migrations from the shores of the Great Lakes or the upper Mississippi River area. They originally appear in historical records on a map attributed to Joliet and drawn about 1673. More definite is a visit of a group of Indians, named "Chaa" or Cheyenne to LaSalle while he was building Fort Crevecoeur on the Illinois in February, 1680.
By the end of the 1700's the Cheyenne had migrated to the Sheyenne River in eastern North Dakota. When or why the Cheyenne moved farther up the Minnesota River and ultimately to the Sheyenne River is unknown, probably due to pressures from the Sioux or Assiniboin. They lived more than a half century on the Sheyenne, Their principle village, containing about 70 lodges was located on the south bank of an old channel of the river, about 12 miles south of Lisbon, Ransom County, North Dakota. While there they acquired horses and metal knives, but still did not have guns. Armed with the bow and arrow and lance, the Cheyenne soon came to depend on the vast buffalo herds supplementing their diet of beans, corn and squash. It is estimated they acquired horses about 1750.
By the early 1800's, the Cheyenne ranged widely to the southwest of the Missouri River. A french trader Persine duLuc noted that, although the Cheyenne wandered the greatest part of the year, they sowed, near their "cottages" (the Cheyenne built earth lodges to live in, some more than 40' in diameter) maize (corn) and tobacco, which they came to reap at the beginning of autumn. When the Lewis and Clark Expedition came upon the Cheyenne along the Missouri River about 1804, their numbers were estimated at about 300-400 fighting men, but Clark did not come in contact with the whole tribe, which meant the tribe numbered between 1400 and 1600 persons. He described the Cheyenne as "rich in horses and dogs, the dogs carry a great deal of their light baggage. They confess to be at war with no nation, except the Sioux" against whom they had been fighting defensive wars for as long as they could remember.
Once the Cheyenne were on the plains, rapid cultural changes took place. After only two generations, Cheyenne living in 1804-1806 near present day Scott's Bluff, NE, on the North Platte River had completely adjusted to the new environment.
present day: The Cheyenne is one tribe with two locations, one in Oklahoma, the Southern Cheyenne and one in Montana, the Northern Cheyenne. For much more information on these two reservations, please visit their websites.
2007-03-01 12:51:40
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answer #2
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answered by sgt_cook 7
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