What are the procedures in making medicine?

Question

Can anybody tells me how to make a medicine? I really need it, please..

the whole procedure in making a medicine, like example extract the blah blah of....and so on...

Well, producing medicine from any herb plants, or any plants. Because we are doing a research study in making medicine from a plant.

Answer 1

Different medicines are prepared in different way.Unani herbal medicines are of different types like Herbal Jams, herbal powders, Herbal syrup, Herbal tablets, Herbal capsules,Face Packs etc etc. All have specific methodiology according to it they are prepared.

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Answer 2

Your question is not specific enough.

Are you talking about preparation of Rx pharmaceutical products, over the counter drugs, dietary supplements, homeopathics, is the product to be consumed or is it a topical (rub it on the skin) preparation?

All of these are prepared in different ways and the manufacture of most of them requires a state and/or federal license.

Answer 3

One glass with 3 to 5 ice cubes,2 shots sky vodka- little bit of this and a little bit that and.......................

Answer 4

You put the lime in the coconut, you drink it all up.

Answer 5

There are different ways in which herbs can be prepared, and many methods are available in all health stores. There are thousands of herbs and almost all parts of the plant can be used for health or healing, also they can be combined to obtain different results. The process of preparing herbs is not complex but if not done properly can result in a ineffective preparation.
Herbs can be prepared to be used internally or externally, depending on the nature of the ailment and on the herb itself. Some herbs are more effective when used externally, and others act better when used internally. Below you'll find a description of the different ways available to prepare herbs, later in our book you'll learn how to make, use, and prepare each method for every ailment shown.


Internal use herbal preparations:


GLYCERITES

Some preparations are made with a base of alcohol to extracts the ingredients, glycerites are thick liquids that are alcohol free, in which glycerin is used instead of alcohol. This is a great way of treating children, because glycerites are sweet, making it easy for the parent to introduce to the child, also glycerites do not affect blood sugar levels, making them perfect for people with diabetes.
Glycerin is used in our daily life, foods like frosting and baked goods contain glycerin, It can be obtained from pharmacies. An average dose of glycerites is about 25 to 30 drops, they are not as potent as tinctures, but they should be diluted in water or juices, using them directly can irritate the mouth. To make a glycerite use the following:



1 ounce of herbs.
6 ounces glycerin.
4 ounce distilled water.
Chop herbs in a blender and place them in a dark glass jar. Mix the glycerin and water and add it to the herbs, close the jar tightly and store at room temperature for 2 weeks. Shake container avery day to move ingredients around. Strain the herb pulp and store in a cool and dark place. A glycerite can last for 2 years.

PILLS

If you have no problems using pills, capsules or tablets you could take advantage of the easiest way of taking herbs, specially those that are bitter, or spicy. The herb is dried, powdered, process and ether compress into a pill or placed in capsules made of gelatin.
The pills and capsules dissolve in the stomach, releasing the ingredients into the bloodstream. Empty capsules can be obtain from health stores, that way you can combine your own herbs if you can't get the mixture you are looking for.
A pill, capsule or tablet is the equivalent to half a cup of tea.

SYRUPS

A syrup is a tincture, liquid extract, glycerite, or even a tea with enough honey, glycerin, fruit syrup or molasses to thicken its consistency. Since they contain sugar, syrups can be a problem for people suffering of diabetes, also children under two years of age can not eat honey. A syrup makes a great remedy for sore throat, cough, colds or flu, it coats the membranes soothing and protecting. To make a syrup formula use the following:

6 tbs.. of herbs.
1 pint of water.
4 ounces of glycerin.
1 ounce fruit syrup or honey (don't use honey for children less then 2 years of age).

Boil herbs and water, remove from heat and let it steep for 45 minutes, filter and place the liquid again on the stove and simmer for 10 minutes, remove from heat. Take one cup of liquid and add glycerin and fruit syrup or honey while the liquid still hot. Store in the refrigerator it will last for 6 months.



TEAS

Teas are the easiest and cheapest way of preparing herbs, plus some herbs act better and quicker when taken with hot water. The only drawback of drinking tea is that some herbs really taste bad. It only cost a few cents per dose, and some herb combinations provide fast relief.
There are 2 different ways of preparing a tea:

Infusions are made by pouring hot or boiling water on the herbs and steeping for a period of time usually 20 to 45 minutes, commercially prepared tea bags are grounded fine to make tea faster, in about 5 minutes.
Cold infusions are made by placing herbs in cold water and letting them sit for about 8 hours, this method is used when the herbs are sensitive to heat or loose their essential oil when heated.

DECOCTIONS

Whenever the herb to be used is hard and woody, it is better to make a decoction rather than an infusion or tea, to ensure that the soluble contents of the herbs actually reach the water. Since many herb preparations consist in using bark, roots, wood, nuts, and seeds, it is necessary to boil the herb and more heat has to be used, in order to get through the hard and strong walls of these herbs.

Decoctions are prepared by simmering the herbs for 30 minutes or longer. The high temperature over a long period of time releases more properties from thick barks and roots, remember to keep the heat low and cover the saucepan in order to keep the essential properties inside and to avoid too much evaporation.

If the recipe you are making calls for the use of soft and hard herbs, I recommend to make a decoction and an infusion separately, then combine the two liquids. This way the sensitive properties of the soft herb remain intact, and the hard to get properties from the hard herb is collected as well. However, if the hard herb contains oil, it is best to powder it and then use in an infusion, rather than a decoction, to ensure that the volatile oil does not evaporate.

To prepare a decoction follow the step below.

1.- Put one tsp. of dried herb (broken into small pieces) or three tsp. of fresh herb (cut into small pieces) in a saucepan, add 1 cup of water. These are general proportions.

2.- Boil and simmer for about 30 minutes or the time given for the mixture you are preparing. If the herb contains some oils, put a lid on the saucepan to avoid evaporation.

3.- Strain the herbs while the preparation is still hot.


TINCTURES

Are also called liquid extracts and are the most potent herb preparation due to the concentration of the herbal medicine. Tinctures can be used externally as an antiseptic, disinfectant or local antibiotic. This concentrated form of herbs is very useful for people that are taking large doses of a bad tasting herb, since the strength of tinctures is very high they should be taken in a diluted form mixing them with juices.
Tinctures are made with alcohol to extract the properties and compound in the herbs this makes them more powerful and faster acting. Even though we are talking about a very potent herb preparation the dosage can be estimated, these are herbs that are very safe even for a child, there is no danger of poisoning unlike synthetic drugs that can be fatal. To prepare a tincture you mix:

1 ounce of dried or powdered herbs.
5 ounces of vodka (vodka is 50 % alcohol).

Chop herbs in a blender and put them in a dark glass jar. Cover the herbs with vodka, make sure they are completely submerged. Close jar tightly and store in a dark, dry and cool place for 2 weeks at room temperature. Shake the jar every day enough to move the herbs and liquid around. After 2 weeks filter the herb pulp and store in a cool place. A tincture can last for more then 5 years.


VINEGARS

The process of making herbal vinegar is similar to the one use to prepare tinctures, but in the first one vinegar is used to get the properties of the herb instead of alcohol. Vinegar herbs are not as potent as tincture but they do not contain alcohol and they can be used in meals such as salads which makes them easy to drink.




TIP: Vinegar damages tooth enamel, make sure you rinse your mouth with water after drinking it. To make a vinegar formula use the following:


1 ounce fresh or dried herbs.
5 ounces vinegar (any kind).

Chop herbs in a blender and put them in a dark glass jar. Cover the herbs with vinegar, make sure they are completely submerged. Close jar tightly and store in a dark, dry and cool place for 2 weeks at room temperature. Shake the jar every day enough to move the herbs and liquid around. After 2 weeks filter the herb pulp and store in a cool place. A tincture can last for more then 2 years.


External use herbal preparations:


BODY OILS

Body oils are made from essential oils and are used for massage of injuries such as muscles, burns, bruises etc. They are a good alternative for children that refuse to take herbs orally. Body oils are also used for skin conditions, and skin care specially facial treatments, although they take longer to act they are a good supplement to other remedies.



COMPRESS

A compress is made by soaking a towel, cotton cloth, or cotton in a strong herbal tea, tincture, essential oil, glycerites then is placed on the skin. Is a great way of treating headaches, muscle injuries, burns, infections, fibroids, bruises, sore throats and any other condition that requires increase circulation to the affected area.

HERBAL BATH

Herbal baths are a good way of treating stress related ailments, aromatherapy is very popular and uses herbs to induce relaxation and distention, we all know that stress is one of the most common disease causing conditions, placing herbs and oils in the bath can help control brain activity. I'm sure this has happen to you at east ones, you walking and all of the sudden you smell a perfume and almost immediately memories come rushing back, memories of a person, or a situation, a places, that's the principal behind herbal baths and aromatherapy. Herbal baths can be used also to cure foot problems or nail infections and many skin conditions as well.



POULTICE

A poultice is made by placing herbs on the injured area, the most effective way of making a poultice is by grinding or blending the herbs to a find powder sometime the final result is a sticky paste that can be spread on the skin, if the herbs are too dried a few drops of water added can help obtain the desired consistency. To make a stronger poultice tinctures, glycerates, or essential oils can be used instead of water. A poultice can also be wrapped in order to keep heat or moist in. To make a poultice use the following:

1 handful of herbs.
4 ounces of water.

Blend all ingredients until the consistency resembles a thick slurry. Place the poultice on the affected area and wrap with a gauze. Keep it in place for 1 hour. A poultice can be place in a ice cube tray and freeze. Store the cubes in a plastic bag and thaw out when needed.


SALVE or OINTMENT

A salve is a herbal oil, but thicker, it is very useful in cases of, cuts, scrapes, rashes, swelling, infections, poison ivy and poison oak or any skin condition with the exemption of burns. it's recommended not to use oily substances un burns because it keeps the heat in and causes more pain. A very popular salve is olive oil which has many healing properties.

To make a salve or ointment follow the step below:

1.- Make 500 ml/ 1 pt. of infusion or decoction extract.

2.- Place in a saucepan 2 oz./ 60 gr. of White wax, 3 oz./ 90 gr. of Lard (pig's solid fat) and 3 oz./ 90 ml. of Almond oil.

3.- Add the 500 ml. of tea from step 1.- and stir.

4.- simmer until the water from the tea has evaporated completely. Make sure not to over heat, if desired, you ca use a bigger pan with 2 inches of water, then place the smaller pan containing the ingredients inside of the first one to avoid burning.

5.- Add 3 drops of benzoin tincture.

6.- Place the mixture in a container with a tight lid.


DRYING and STORING HERBS and ROOTS

Herbs should be dried by spreading them in loose, single layers on a flat surface or on a wire rack similar to the ones used in your oven, to allow air to get underneath the plant and to ensure an even and quicker drying. If you are using a flat surface to dry herbs make sure to turn them frequently. To dry herbs follow the steps below.

1.- Harvest the expose part of the plant, leaves and stems, by cutting with a sharp knife or sicateurs. Make sure not to tear the plant this can cause it to stop growing or to die.

2.- Strip the leaves and flowers from the main stem.

3.- Spread out on the rack and place in the sun or in a warm dry place, until they are brittle and crumble easily.

4.- Pack them in Zip Lock bags or dark glass containers with a tight lid, keep them away from sun light or heat.



Roots are perhaps the most difficult part of a plant to dry, because they are thick and very moist. Removing a root from the ground can be very messy, depending on the type of plant being remove, some herbs have root that spread over a wide area. Once the root is out it most be washed to remove excess soil and placed in shelves for about 10 days. Roots loose 75% of their weight in drying.

1.- Remove root from the ground. Wash root to remove dirt.

2.- Cut off the top part and rootlets. Chop the root in slices 2 inches long (if the root is big) this will make them dry faster.

3.- Spread out on a rack in a warm dry place for 10 days. Store in a oven or other dry and worm place for 10 more days.

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