cloning an individual usually produces organisms that 1.contain dangerous mutations 2.contain identical genes?

Question

3.are identical in appearance and behavior 4.produce enzymes different from the parent

Answer 1

First of all, it depends on the cloning method.

There is stem cell generation cloning
Nuclear transfer cloning.
and twining cloning.

Stem cell generation cloning will produce dangerous mutations in the process, and while you may get similar appearances, there can be some differences.

Nuclear transfer cloning will produce an organism that may be similar to the donor, depending on the species, but it will produce different cell markers and will not be identified by the host organism as a natural cell if cells from the clone are introduced into the host.

Twining will usually produce identical or nearly identical organisms, with differences depending entirely by environmental factors and not genetic ones.

There are probably other cloning methods that I am not familiar with, but these are the three that seem to gain the most research dollars.