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A river usually begins far up in the mountains or hills. Its source is generally a small spring or a melting glacier. As the river flows on, other streams join it and it continues to increase in size. The river wears itself a channel. The bottom of the channel is known as the bed of the stream, and the sides are the banks. A river and all its tributaries, or branches, make up a river system. A distributary is a river branch flowing out of the main stream and not rejoining it. The area from which a river system drains is called the river basin.
The volume, or size, of a river depends upon the area of its basin and the amount of rainfall in the region. Ridges of land that separate rivers and river systems are called divides.
The course of a river is usually divided into three parts--the upper, middle or trunk, and lower course. These parts are usually of different length, and each has distinctive characteristics of a river.
In the upper course, the slope of the channel is steep. The water carries much sand and gravel and sometimes fairly large, heavy rock. These are carried swiftly along by the current. The river enters its middle course when it leaves the mountains or hills in which it rises and enters the lower lands, where the slope is more gentle. Obstacles in the middle course collect deposits of silt or mud until these deposits finally reach the surface and form islands of rock deposits. The lower course is where the current is slower yet, and the continuous desposit of silt raises the bed of the river. The river often overflows the low banks and forms wide flood plains (wetlands). When these plains are drained, they make productive farms. This process of raising the river bed continues until the river nears its mouth, at which time the river becomes higher than the surrounding countryside. Disastrous floods (like that caused by Katrina) occur when the banks break, so the banks must be protected by levees. The levees of New Orleans failed. A river flowing slowly into a sea drops its silt at its mouth and builds up land there in the shape of a triangle or fan (a delta). The tides from the ocean, then to the sea, extend up into the river mouth. The silt is carried away and the mouth of the river remains a broad expanse (the sea). Note: Not all rivers form deltas. In fact, most rivers do not carry enough sediment to form deltas, or the earth material is swept away before it can be deposited at the mouth of the river.
2007-02-26 17:59:38
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answer #1
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answered by HoneyBunny 7
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http://42explore.com/rivers.htm
Easier -
A river is a natural stream of fresh water larger than a brook or creek. A river flows toward another river, an ocean, a lake, or other large body of water.
Harder -
A river's source may be rainfall, a melting snowfield or a glacier, a spring, or the overflow of a lake. Streams that flow at a river source are the headwaters and are at the river's highest elevation. Most river headwaters begin in hills or mountain, but as the river flows downstream, it gains more water from other streams, rivers, springs, added rainfall, and other water sources.
>>>http://42explore.com/rivers.htm<<<<
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geographyaction/rivers/
Create A "Save the River" Poster. What are the threats threatening a river near you? Think in terms of water quality, pollution, erosion and siltation, river wildlife - - all aspects of the river's life. Make your poster a visual message. Post it where others can see it.
>>>>>>>>>>Good Luck! <<<<<<<<<<
2007-02-27 03:36:46
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answer #2
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answered by LucySD 7
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river form deltas that meets the ocean.
http://www.geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk/topics/rivertheory.html#sourcetomouth
2007-02-27 02:45:44
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answer #3
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answered by fallinglight 3
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