A transient ischemic attack (TIA), or mini-stroke, occurs when the supply of oxygen is cut off to an area of the brain. Unlike the effects of a stroke, which are often permanent, the symptoms of a transient ischemic attack last less than 24 hours and usually less than 10 minutes. Anyone who has had a transient ischemic attack is at risk of developing a stroke in the future.
A doctor can make the diagnosis based on history and physical exam, combined with the presence or absence of risk factors for stroke.
The physical examination focuses on the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
Examination of the cardiovascular system will look for heart murmurs, irregular heartbeats, and the presence or absence of carotid bruits (a murmur over the carotid artery indicating turbulent flow through the blood vessel). If present, that suggests the carotid artery may be narrowed and has the potential to cause a problem.
A check of the nervous system focuses on the assessment of muscle strength (Is one side weaker than the other?), speech ability, assessment of visual fields, coordination, concentration as well as the cranial nerves (these control the movements and sensations to the face and neck).
Diagnostic tests may include an ECG (tracing of the heart), chest x-ray, and a brain scan (typically a CT scan or an MRI). Laboratory testing is commonly done, but there is no single test that helps to make or exclude the diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack.
Other diagnostic studies that may be performed once the diagnosis is made include an echocardiogram (looking for heart valve problems), carotid Doppler (assessment of carotid narrowing), MRI angiography, or a transcranial Doppler (helps identify other types of artery disease).
Once a transient ischemic attack or a stroke is identified, it is important to identify the cause and help reduce the likelihood of having another one.
2007-02-25 12:01:21
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answer #1
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answered by dragonoid5 2
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EKGs, your vitals, stuff like that.
2007-02-25 19:51:20
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answer #2
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answered by angeleyes_0613 4
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