Homologous structures are indicators of which of the following?

Question

(A) Sympatric speciation
(B) A population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
(C) Artificial selection
(D) Descent with modification
(E) Adaptive radiation

Answer 1

I would say (D). Descent with modification (which is Darwin's preferred phrase over 'evolution.')

Homologous structures are shared structures between two species that have different functions. Thus it is evidence of shared ancestry (descent) and change (modification) of the structure to suit a different function.

A key part of (E), adaptive radiation, is the *rapidity* of the spread into *multiple* species. A single foundation species, when introduced into a new environment, can spread simultaneously into multiple niches, resulting in very rapid production of several new species. Homologous structures (such as a beak used for different purposes in different species) could be evidence of that, but they don't have to be. Homologous structures don't have to be evidence of *rapid* radiation into *many* species. It could also be evidence of slow branching into only two species ... which is not adaptive radiation, but it is descent with modification.

So if you can choose more than one answer, I would pick D and E. But if you have to pick only one, I would pick D.

Answer 2

E) Arm of a human Homology of structures in evolution Shared ancestry may well be evolutionary or developmental. Evolutionary ancestry skill that structures developed from some shape in a elementary ancestor; case in point, the wings of bats and the hands of primates are homologous in this sense. Developmental ancestry skill that structures arose from an identical tissue in embryonal progression; the ovaries of woman people and the testicles of male people are homologous in this sense.

Answer 3

Homologous strucure means when the same part of the body has different jobs in different species - best example is the hand - animals have the same basic bone structure in the hand, but different animals use it for different jobs - e.g. a bat flies with it, we hold things, a mole digs with it, a horse runs on it - all these animals have ADAPTED the same part to do a different job - same plan, but through evolution, the different forms have SPREAD OUT to be different - so it should be E (but D seems possible too)

Answer 4

adaptive radiation

Answer 5

(c) Artificial selection