Please help me with these...?

Question

Question 1
Two particles have the following composition:
i) 12 protons, 12 neutrons and 10 electrons and
ii) 11 protons, 12 neutrons and 10 electrons

They would be described as:
a) isotopes
b) positive ions (cations)
c) allotropes
d) negative ins (anions)
e) non-metal atoms

Question 2:
An atom with 8 electrons in its outer shell has a tendency:
a) to gain electrons
b) to lose electrons
c) neither gain nor lose electrons
d) to gain or to lose electrons
e) to gain protons

Question 3:
Consider each of the following materials. Classify them into three groups as elements, compounds or mixtures
a) sea water
b) soil
c) sulfur
d) steel
e) wine
f) titanium dioxide

Note: 1st and 2nd questions are multiple choice (one correct answer) Please tell me for the 3rd question which ones are compounds, which ones mentioned are elements and which ones are mixtures. Thankyou!

Question 4
Which of the following involve chemical changes and which involve only physical changes?
1) growth of a plant
2) healing of a wound
3) kicking a football
4) magnetising a screwdriver
5) production of sound by the vocal cords
6) running a car engline

Please tell me which ones are chemical changes and which are physical changes. Thankyou for helping me. I really appreciate it.

Answer 1

Question 1 --They would be described as:

b) positive ions (cations)

The both have fewer electrons than protons (positive charge)

Question 2 -- An atom with 8 electrons in its outer shell has a tendency:

c) neither gain nor lose electrons

This is called the Octet rule.

Question 3 -- Consider each of the following materials. Classify them into three groups as elements, compounds or mixtures
a) sea water -- mixture
b) soil -- mixture
c) sulfur -- element
d) steel -- mixture
e) wine -- mixture
f) titanium dioxide -- compound


Question 4 -- Which of the following involve chemical changes and which involve only physical changes?
1) growth of a plant
2) healing of a wound
3) kicking a football
4) magnetising a screwdriver
5) production of sound by the vocal cords
6) running a car engline

Any process involving life (growing, healing, moving muscles to kick or speak/sing) will involve chemistry. The car engine burns fuel (chemistry).

4) might be purely physical if no muscles are involved (if done by a robot).

Answer 2

i am sorry for both of us, i am in chemistry and stoichiometry sucks!