did the first human exist at all ?, evoution and genetics?

Question

todays expanded evolution theory more confirmed by recent genetics and anthropology concluded our first human was african.

from africa he went europe, then through middle asia , went to american continent

so ancestors of american indians including all humans were born at africa.

my question is

1. then we all were born through incest?

how these small group of africans could be so many europeans ,asians ,and so many races?

2. todays genetic scientists are all really confident about their theory and technology can trace the origin of humans?

todays genetics are so reliable, so perfect not allowing another explanation?

Answer 1

1. No incest was necessary (although it cannot be excluded) - the population of our ancestors was small, but not as small as family. The different races emerged, when people started to adapt to new environments and populations were distant and relatively isolated.
2. Yes, genetic scientists are really confident in the field of evolution. They have huge amount of evidence.

Answer 2

There is a difference between the idea that the first human was African and the idea that humans evolved in Africa. The whole concept of evolution is much broader than "the first human". There would have been no precisely identifiable first human. There would have been ancestors to modern chimpanzees, gorillas, humans and orangatans.

At some point, a group of these ancestors would have become separated for whatever reason for a million years or so. During a million years of separation, a lot of things can happen: The need to survive in a different climate or to live on a different food source or probably in the case of the development of humans, to be able to live outside of the jungle.

It is hard for us to think in millions of years when our own lives are so short, but a large group of ancestor could easily have been divided in half with one half developing human characteristics. That 1/2 could easily, over a million years, populate the world.

As for how a group of Africans could become Europeans, etc., it is the same process. For instance, the farther north people in the past moved, the lighter their skin became. We now know the reason for this is that we need sunlight for vitamin D. Light skin (which is easily sunburned) absorbs more sunlight and thus only ever lighter skinned people could survive in the norhtern climates with less winter sunlight. Very dark-skinned people could not survive and reproduce in the north.

Today's genetics aren't perfect. There are still many questions and ideas. The general concept is pretty well proved through genetic eveidence but there are details still missing.

Answer 3

no incest, but you need to realize that there are many mutaions that take place and these can be estimated by the difference in the genetic code. the greater the differences in one strand of dna to another organisma dna gives us a clue as to how far back in time that we had a common ancestor.
in the area of human evolution, we are a very young species and our ancestry can only be traced back through the females.
we use mitochondrial dna, the mothers mitochondrial dna gets passed on during fertilization. the males does not because the mitochondria are located in the tail of the sperm. when the egg and sperm join, only the head of the sperm enters the egg, and releases its genetic information.
so we are really only tracing the women. and the "mother" of all of us came from africa, it is possible that this "mother" gave birth to many children, no way to prove that these children didn't have all different fathers. and the genetics don't lie.
and i feel that this leaves no room for doubt .

Answer 4

Do not believe everything you read. Do not believe in all science.
Remember scientists were Sure the world was flat. They were Sure that the sun revolved around the Earth. To add to the mistake of scientists is scientific racism. Most "science" is conducted by one ethnic group and this does skew results (look into it). There is as much evidence against these theories as there is for it, if not more.