We did an experiment, we had a frog's heart and put it in 3 different solutions, namely potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium chloride. We observed that the heart rate went up when it was immersed in sodium chloride anc calcium chloride, but it went down when in potassium chloride. What caused this increase and decrease in heart rate?
2007-02-21 23:34:04 · 7 answers · asked by Anonymous in Science & Mathematics ➔ Biology
The concentrations of these particular ions(K,Na,Ca) within the extracellular environment may have a significant influence on cardiac function. Ordinarily the concentrations of these ions are kept within appropriate limits and thus do not affect the heart adversely. However, in instances where their concentration becomes excessive or deficient, cardiac function may be seriously affected.
An excess of potassium ions in the extracellular environment markedly reduces the heart rate as well as the strength of contraction. On the other hand, spastic contraction of the heart results from the presence of excess calcium ions. This typically results from the direct effects of calcium ions upon the contractile process of cardiac muscle. A marked reduction in the calcium ion concentration has effects similar to those observed with high potassium levels.
Excessive levels of sodium ions result in depression of cardiac function, which is thought to stem from their competition with calcium ions at some critical site during the contractile process. At the other extreme, a deficiency of sodium ions in the extracellular environment leads to the development of a potentially lethal condition called cardiac fibrillation. In this situation, the cardiac muscle contracts at an extremely high rate and in an uncoordinated fashion such that little or no blood is actually pumped by the heart.
2007-02-21 23:44:29 · answer #1 · answered by arup s 6 · 5⤊ 1⤋
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2016-11-30 18:56:14 · answer #2 · answered by ? 3 · 0⤊ 0⤋
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2016-12-28 06:27:06 · answer #3 · answered by melvina 3 · 0⤊ 0⤋
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how do potassium, sodium and calcium ions affect heart rate?
We did an experiment, we had a frog's heart and put it in 3 different solutions, namely potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium chloride. We observed that the heart rate went up when it was immersed in sodium chloride anc calcium chloride, but it went down when in potassium chloride....
2015-08-16 17:48:56 · answer #5 · answered by Anonymous · 0⤊ 0⤋
actually ,nacl and cacl are hardness producing substances so they proclaine the heart rate and whereas,kcl deproclains the heart beat
2007-02-21 23:38:25 · answer #6 · answered by **vinny** 2 · 1⤊ 2⤋
all the above cannor be excessive
2015-04-02 00:54:57 · answer #7 · answered by Elizabeth 1 · 0⤊ 0⤋