Why do nuclear bombs ..?

Question

usally look like a huge puffyball with a ring around it ( im mostly wondering about the ring) does it have anything to do with it or is it just a conisedence?

Answer 1

The ring is a result of the pressure wave which expands in a growing circle around the point of detonation (directly above ground zero). As the pressure (sometimes called overpressure wave) expands and collides with the ground, it picks up dust, debris, houses, cars, fuel tankers, ships, bridges, people, whatever is around, and blasts it outward with tremendous force, creating a sort of halo around the base of the 'stalk' of the central mushroom cloud.
After the electromagnetic pulse which comes first (at the speed of light) the overpressure wave pushes everything away from center and then comes the 'blast' wave, which is slower, and that sets things on fire. Almost everything burns, asphalt, concrete, steel, etc. Ceramic might be the only thing to survive somewhat intact near ground zero. The characteristic 'mushroom' cloud is caused by a sort of recoil effect, similar to a drop of water splooshing back up in the center after landing in the water (if you've ever seen that in slow motion, you would see what I mean) This phenomenon can throw dust and ash and debris miles up into the atmosphere on a scale unrivaled by anything except a volcano. And as if all that wasn't bad enough, the entire area will be contaminated with radio-active debris for the next millennium. That doesn't mean life can't flourish there though.... Bikini Atoll, parts of which are still unsafe for human habitation, is thriving with plant and animal life counter to most expectations.

Answer 2

Yeah and what the heck are those things that shoot up from each side of the blast on video. They look like vertical dust lines. Usually about 5 or 6 on each side of the main blast.