1 m solution of a metal chloride lowers the freezing point of water 5.58 degrees celcius?

Question

which of the following compounds might represent the metal chloride?
NaCl, CaCl2, AlCl3, CCl4

Answer 1

First of all CCl4 is not a metal chloride, but anyway.

For electrolytes

ΔTf= i*Kf*m

i is the van't Hoff coefficient. For strong electrolytes it is equal to the number of ions produced by the dissociation of the electrolyte according to the molecular formula. Since colligative properties depend on the number of particles in solution this factor corrects for the fact that electrolytes dissociate into more particles than what is represented by their molecular formula and thus the true concentration of particles is higher than the concentration of the electrolyte (that corresponds to its molecular formula)

So Let's find i according to your data

i= ΔTf /(Kf*m) = 5.58/(1.858*1) = 3

NaCl dissociates to 2 ions (1 Na+ and 1 Cl-) so it has i=2 and it is not the compound in question

AlCl3 dissociates to 4 ions (1 Al+3 and 3 Cl-) so it has i=4 and it is not the compound in question

CCl4 is a non-electrolyte, covalent molecule, so it doesn't dissociate and it has i=1

CaCl2 dissociates to 3 ions (1 Ca+2 and 2 Cl-), has i=3 so it is the compound we are looking for.

Answer 2

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