Why were Rockefeller and Morgan sometimes called captins of industry while others called them robberberons?

Answer 1

In brief, Robber Barons means what it sounds. By this interpretation the wealthiest business leaders of the late 1800s and early 1900s by illegal methods squeezed money out of the society. One could say thay extorted or basically even stole it. Matthew Josephson wrote an excellent book based on this belief called, "The Robber Barons."

On the other hand some economic historians have seen leaders in economic fields as making the industries more efficient, promoting progress, and being the top figures in business. They would see some abuses, but basically more order, better practices, and a higher standing of living resulting from their work. They would say these "captains of industry" took risks and provided more than they took.

With your two examples, there is first no question that John D. Rockefeller used very unethical practices, was ruthless and destructive of competitors at Standard Oil. Rockefeller's Standard Oil broke anti-trust laws and was convicted and fined.
Rockefeller mellowed in his later years, became less ruthless in business, and did an immense amount of good with tremendous charities in The Rockefeller Foundation.

In my opinion, J.P. Morgan has been somewhat unfairly criticized. This is the view of Frederick Lewis Allen, who wrote an objective and excellent biography of Morgan. Morgan was a banker, who on numerous occasions helped the country. He helped get the United States out of the Panic of 1907. Morgan too was prosecuted for anti-trust violations, but I would not characterize as unethical as Rockefeller in his earlier career.

In summary, based on a favorable interpretation Morgan and Rockefeller could be called "captains of industry," and critically as robber barons.

Answer 2

some people thought they formed monopolys some thought they were awesome

Answer 3

Why do I give answers that other dont agree with?